TITLE 31.NATURAL RESOURCES AND CONSERVATION

Part 2. TEXAS PARKS AND WILDLIFE DEPARTMENT

Chapter 53. FINANCE

Subchapter A. LICENSE FEES AND BOAT AND MOTOR FEES

31 TAC §§53.3, 53.6, 53.7

The Texas Parks and Wildlife Department proposes amendments to §§53.3, 53.6, and 53.7 concerning Fee Schedule. The Texas Parks and Wildlife Commission is granted authority under Parks and Wildlife Code, Chapter 47, to set commercial fishing business license fees, and under Parks and Wildlife Code, Chapter 77 to set shrimp license and commercial bait shrimp dealer's license fees. In addition, Parks and Wildlife Code §77.119 authorizes the Commission to establish a shrimp license buyback program. Proposed increases to the license fee structure below are intended to accelerate the commercial shrimping license buyback process in order to alleviate overfishing problems identified in the commercial shrimp fishery. The amendments are proposed in conjunction with amendments to §§58.102, 58.160-58.161, and 58.163-58.165, concerning the Statewide Shrimp Fishery Proclamation, under the provisions 1 TAC §91.67(b), appear elsewhere in this issue.

Robin Riechers, staff economist, has determined that for each of the first five years that the rules as proposed are in effect, there will be no fiscal implications to local governments as a result of enforcing or administering the rules. For each of the first five years the rules are in effect, Mr. Riechers estimates the additional revenues to be $625,000 per year to state government, as based on the 1998-99 licenses sold, without considering the reduction in license fee revenues associated with the voluntary license buyback program for commercial bay and bait shrimp licenses. The new monies realized by the license fee increases will be used for the commercial shrimp license buyback program or other management and law enforcement activities required to manage the shrimp fishery. The increased annual cost to each particular license holder by type of license will be no more than $100. In fiscal year 1998-99, the following number of licenses by type were sold: Retail Fish Dealer's (2954), Wholesale Fish Dealer's (655), Wholesale Fish Truck Dealer's (65), Retail Fish Truck Dealer's (826), Resident Commercial Gulf Shrimp Boat (1157), Individual Bait-shrimp Trawl Tag (835), Bait Shrimp Dealer's (342),Resident Commercial Bay Shrimp Boat (1416), Resident Commercial Bait-Shrimp Boat (1363), Resident Commercial Bay Shrimp Boat Transfer (80), Resident Commercial Bait-Shrimp Boat Transfer (73), Non-Resident Commercial Gulf Shrimp Boat (392), Non-Resident Commercial Bay Shrimp Boat (1), Non-Resident Commercial Bait-Shrimp Boat (0), Non-Resident Commercial Bay Shrimp Boat Transfer (0), Non-Resident Commercial Bait-Shrimp Boat Transfer (0).

Mr. Riechers has also determined that for each of the first five years the rules as proposed are in effect, the public benefit anticipated as a results of enforcing or administering the rules as proposed, in conjunction with the changes proposed to the Statewide Shrimp Fishery Proclamation, will be: (a) additional revenues to fund the license buyback program and the purchase and retirement of licenses, benefiting those remaining in the industry by reducing competition; b) reduced fishing pressure on shrimp and reduced adverse habitat effects, such as bycatch, bottom scouring, and turbidity, which creates a public benefit by enhancing shrimp spawning stocks and eventually making larger, more valuable shrimp available to the inshore and offshore fishery; and c) increased compensation for the use of public resources.

Mr. Riechers has also determined that for each of the first five years that the rules as proposed are in effect, the probable economic cost to persons required to comply with the rules would be as follows:

Business and shrimping license fee increases will range from $24 to $100 per license per year, depending on the license. In additional to the increase in license fees, there are also increases in the transfer fees with resident and non-resident commercial bay and bait shrimping licenses. Implementation of the fee increase is proposed to occur September 1, 2001

Overall, the estimated additional costs for businesses, small businesses, and micro-businesses to comply the first year are: Retail Fish Dealer ($24); Retail Fish Dealer's Truck ($44); Wholesale Fish Dealer ($100); Wholesale Fish Dealer's Truck ($100); Bait Shrimp Dealer ($55); Resident and Non-Resident Commercial Gulf Shrimp Boat: License ($100); Resident Commercial Bay Shrimp Boat: License ($95); Resident Commercial Bait Shrimp Boat: License ($95); Non-Resident Commercial Bay: License ($100); Non-Resident Commercial Bait Shrimp Boat: License ($100). Bay and Bait Shrimping license transfer fees are increased by $95.

The rules are expected to have an adverse effect on small and micro-businesses, namely, in the amount of license and transfer fees paid by any given person; however, in the long term all businesses that depend on the shrimp resource will benefit from increasing the biological health and economic value of the resource, which the proposed rule, in concert with the proposed changes to the Statewide Shrimp Fishery Proclamation, is designed to do. The increased license fees are small for any individual business and the fee payers benefit by an enhanced license buy-back program, which in turn, along with the proposed regulation changes, will allow harvest of larger and more valuable shrimp with less effort.

As indicated, the estimated increased cost of compliance ranges from $95 to $3,500 in the first year the rules are in effect. For years 2 to 5, the cost to comply with the rule for businesses directly harvesting the resource will range from $95 to $100. The cost of compliance with the regulation for the other license holders associated with the shrimp fishery ranges from $24 to $100 and specifically are as follows: Retail Fish Dealer ($24); Retail Fish Dealer's Truck ($44); Wholesale Fish Dealer ($100); Wholesale Fish Dealer's Truck ($100); Bait Shrimp Dealer ($55). The transfer fee for the commercial bay and bait shrimping licenses is also increased, as noted earlier.

The department has not filed a local impact statement with the Texas Workforce Commission as required by the Administrative Procedures Act, §2001.022, as the agency has determined that the rules as proposed will have a positive rather than a negative impact on local economies.

The department has determined that there will not be a taking of private real property, as defined by Government Code, Chapter 2007, as a result of the proposed rules.

Comments are requested on the proposed rule changes from any interested person. Written comments may be submitted to Paul Hammerschmidt, Coastal Fisheries Division, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, 4200 Smith School Road, Austin, Texas 78744; (512) 389-4650 or 1-800-792-1112 extension 4650 (e-mail: paul.hammerschmidt@tpwd.state.tx.us) by no later than August 20, 2000. Comments may be submitted orally at public hearings that are scheduled around the state. Please call Mr. Hammerschmidt or check the TPWD web site, tpwd.state.tx.us, to find the most convenient hearing.

The amendments are proposed under Parks and Wildlife Code, Chapter 47, which authorizes the Commission to establish fees for commercial fishing licenses; and Chapter 77, which provides the Commission with authority to regulate the catching, possession, purchase, and sale of shrimp.

The amendments affect Parks and Wildlife Code, Chapters 47 and 77.

§53.3.Other Recreational Hunting and Fishing Licenses, Stamps, and Tags.

(a)

Hunting licenses. The following license fee amounts are effective for the license year beginning September 1, 1996, and thereafter:

(1)

resident hunting (type 101) - $19;

(2)

lifetime resident hunting (type 991) - $600;

(3)

special resident hunting (type 102) - $6.00. Nonresident hunters who are under 17 years of age on the date of license purchase are designated as residents and may purchase a special resident hunting license;

(4)

duplicate hunting (type 103) - $6.00;

(5)

general nonresident hunting (type 105) - $250;

(6)

nonresident special hunting (type 107) - $100;

(7)

nonresident five-day special hunting (type 157) - $35;

(8)

nonresident spring turkey hunting (type 118) - $100; and

(9)

nonresident banded bird hunting (type 120) - $10.

(b)

Resident Hunting and Fishing Licenses for Disabled Veterans (type 502). License fees are waived effective with the license year beginning September 1, 1997, and thereafter.

(c)

Hunting stamps. The following stamp fee amounts are effective for the stamp year beginning September 1, 1996, and thereafter: morma

(1)

turkey (type 119) - $5.00;

(2)

white-winged dove (type 126) - $7.00;

(3)

archery hunting (type 135) - $7.00;

(4)

waterfowl (type 139) - $7.00; and

(5)

muzzleloader hunting (type 187) - $10.

(d)

Fishing licenses. The following license fee amounts are effective for the license year beginning September 1, 2000, and thereafter:

(1)

resident fishing (type 201) - $19;

(2)

lifetime resident fishing (type 992) - $600;

(3)

special resident fishing (type 203) - $6.00.

(4)

temporary (14-day) resident sportfishing (type 210) - $12;

(5)

temporary (three-day) resident sportfishing (type 220) - $10;

(6)

nonresident fishing (type 205) - $30;

(7)

temporary (five-day) nonresident fishing (type 207) - $20;

(8)

fishing duplicate (type 206) - $6.00; and

(9)

Lake Texoma fishing (type 208) - $7.50.

(e)

Fishing stamps. The following stamp fee amounts are effective for the license year beginning September 1, 2000, and thereafter:

(1)

saltwater sportfishing (type 211) - $7.00;

(2)

saltwater sportfishing stamp surcharge, to be effective until September 1, 2005 - $3.00; and

(3)

freshwater trout (type 212) - $7.00.

(f)

Fishing tags. The following tag fee amounts are effective for the license year beginning September 1, 2001 [ 1996 ], and thereafter:

(1)

tarpon tag (type 215) - $100;

(2)

duplicate tarpon tag (type 230) - $25; and

(3)

individual bait-shrimp trawl tag (type 334) - $35 [ $23 ];

(g)

Collector's edition stamp package.

(1)

A collector's edition stamp package (type 555) shall consist of one of each of the following stamps:

(A)

turkey stamp;

(B)

white-winged dove stamp;

(C)

nongame stamp;

(D)

archery hunting stamp;

(E)

state waterfowl stamp;

(F)

muzzleloader hunting stamp;

(G)

saltwater sportfishing stamp; and

(H)

freshwater trout stamp.

(2)

Stamps in the package will not be valid for hunting or fishing.

(3)

Fee for the package shall be $10 wholesale price and $20 retail price, effective September 1, 1996, and thereafter.

§53.6.Commercial Fishing Licenses and Tags.

(a)

Shrimping licenses. The following license fee amounts are effective for the license year beginning September 1, 2001 [ 1996 ], and thereafter:

(1)

Licenses:

(A)

resident commercial gulf shrimp boat (type 330) - $375 [ $275 ];

(B)

resident commercial bay shrimp boat (type 336) - $290 [ $195 ];

(C)

resident commercial bait-shrimp boat (type 337) - $290 [ $195 ];

(D)

resident commercial shrimp boat captain's (type 333) - $25;

(E)

nonresident commercial gulf shrimp boat (type 430) - $1,125 [ $1,025 ];

(F)

nonresident commercial bay shrimp boat (type 436) - $625 [ $525 ];

(G)

nonresident commercial bait-shrimp boat (type 437) - $625 [ $525 ]; and

(H)

nonresident commercial shrimp boat captain's (type 433) - $100.

(2)

License transfers:

(A)

resident commercial gulf shrimp boat license transfer (type 383) - $5.00;

(B)

resident commercial bay shrimp boat license transfer (type 366) - $290 [ $195 ];

(C)

resident commercial bait-shrimp boat license transfer (type 367) - $290 [ $195 ];

(D)

nonresident commercial gulf shrimp boat license transfer (type 483) - $5.00;

(E)

nonresident commercial bay shrimp boat license transfer (type 466) - $290 [ $195 ]; and

(F)

nonresident commercial bait-shrimp boat license transfer (type 467) - $290 [ $195 ].

(3)

Duplicate License plates:

(A)

resident commercial gulf shrimp boat (type 390) - $5.00;

(B)

resident commercial bay shrimp boat (type 396) - $5.00;

(C)

resident commercial bait-shrimp boat (type 397) - $5.00;

(D)

nonresident commercial gulf shrimp boat (type 490) - $5.00;

(E)

nonresident commercial bay shrimp boat (type 496) - $5.00; and

(F)

nonresident commercial bait-shrimp boat (type 497) - $5.00.

(b)

Oystering licenses. The following license fee amounts are effective for the license year beginning September 1, 1996, and thereafter.

(1)

Licenses:

(A)

resident commercial oyster boat (type 306) - $350;

(B)

resident sport oyster boat (type 328) - $10;

(C)

resident commercial oyster captain's (type 309) - $25;

(D)

resident commercial oyster fisherman's (type 370) - $100;

(E)

nonresident commercial oyster boat (type 406) - $1,400;

(F)

nonresident sport oyster boat (type 428) - $10;

(G)

nonresident commercial oyster boat captain's (type 409) - $100; and

(H)

nonresident commercial oyster fisherman's (type 470) - $250.

(2)

License transfers:

(A)

resident commercial oyster boat transfer (type 386) - $5.00; and

(B)

nonresident commercial oyster boat transfer (type 486) - $5.00.

(3)

Duplicate License plates:

(A)

resident commercial oyster boat (type 395) - $5.00; and

(B)

nonresident commercial oyster boat (type 495) - $5.00.

(c)

General, finfish, menhaden, mussel, clam, and miscellaneous licenses.

(1)

Licenses. The following license fee amounts are effective for the license year beginning September 1, 1996:

(A)

resident commercial fishing boat (type 304) - $15;

(B)

commercial fishing boat (menhaden only) (type 325) - $3,500;

(C)

resident general commercial fisherman's (type 372) - $20;

(D)

resident commercial mussel and clam fisherman's (type 320) - $30;

(E)

resident shell buyer's (type 324) - $100;

(F)

nonresident commercial fishing boat (type 404) - $60;

(G)

nonresident general commercial fisherman's (type 340) - $150;

(H)

nonresident commercial mussel and clam fisherman's (type 420) - $800; and

(I)

nonresident shell buyer's (type 424) - $1,500.

(2)

Licenses and permits. The following license fee amounts are effective for the license year beginning September 1, 1997, and thereafter:

(A)

resident commercial fishing boat (type 304) - $15;

(B)

class A menhaden boat (type 325) - $3,500;

(C)

class B menhaden boat (type 329) - $50;

(D)

resident general commercial fisherman's (type 372) - $20;

(E)

resident commercial mussel and clam fisherman's (type 320) - $20;

(F)

resident shell buyer's (type 324) - $100;

(G)

nonresident commercial fishing boat (type 404) - $60;

(H)

nonresident general commercial fisherman's (type 340) - $150;

(I)

nonresident commercial mussel and clam fisherman's (type 420) - $800;

(J)

nonresident shell buyer's (type 424) - $1,500;

(K)

menhaden fish plant permit (type 326) - $150; and

(L)

mussel dredge fee (type 323) - $30.

(3)

License transfers. The following license transfer fee amounts are effective for the license year beginning September 1, 1996, and thereafter:

(A)

resident commercial fishing boat license transfer (type 384) - $5.00; and

(B)

nonresident commercial fishing boat license transfer (type 484) - $5.00.

(4)

Duplicate license plates. The following duplicate license plate fee amounts are effective for the license year beginning September 1, 1996, and thereafter:

(A)

resident commercial fishing boat (type 394) - $5.00; and

(B)

nonresident commercial fishing boat (type 494) - $5.00.

(d)

Crabbing licenses.

(1)

Licenses and permits. The following license fee amounts are effective for the license year beginning September 1, 1998, and thereafter:

(A)

resident commercial crab fisherman's (type 338) - $500; and

(B)

nonresident commercial crab fisherman's (type 438) - $2,000.

(2)

License transfers. The following license transfer fee amounts are effective for the license year beginning September 1, 1998, and thereafter:

(A)

resident commercial crab fisherman's (type 368) - $500; and

(B)

nonresident commercial crab fisherman's (type 468) - $2,000.

(3)

Duplicate license plates. The following duplicate license plate fee amounts are effective for the license year beginning September 1, 1998, and thereafter:

(A)

resident commercial crab fisherman's (type 338) - $5.00; and

(B)

nonresident commercial crab fisherman's (type 438) - $5.00.

(e)

Finfishing licenses.

(1)

Licenses and permits. The following license fee amounts are effective for the license year beginning September 1, 2000, and thereafter:

(A)

resident commercial finfish fisherman's (type 371)--$300; and

(B)

nonresident commercial finfish fisherman's (type 361)--$1,200.

(2)

License transfers. The following license transfer fee amounts are effective for the license year beginning September 1, 2000, and thereafter:

(A)

resident commercial finfish fisherman's (type 472)--$300; and

(B)

nonresident commercial finfish fisherman's (type 482)--$1,200.

(3)

Duplicate license plates. The following duplicate license plate fee amounts are effective for the license year beginning September 1, 2000, and thereafter:

(A)

resident commercial finfish fisherman's (type 471)--$5.00; and

(B)

nonresident commercial finfish fisherman's (type 481)--$5.00.

§53.7.Business Licenses and Permits. Fish, bait, and shrimp licenses and tags.

(1)

Licenses. The following license fee amounts are effective for the license year beginning September 1, 2001 [ 1995 ], and thereafter:

(A)

retail fish dealer's (type 302) - $70 [ $46 ];

(B)

retail fish dealer's truck (type 316) - $130 [ $86 ];

(C)

wholesale fish dealer's (type 314) - $625 [ $525 ];

(D)

wholesale fish dealer's truck (type 315) - $425 [ $325 ];

(E)

bait dealer's (type 312) - $30;

(F)

shrimp house operator's (type 332) - $425;

(G)

bait shrimp dealer's (type 335) - $170 [ $115 ];

(H)

finfish import (type 380) - $75; and

(I)

fishing guide (type 310) - $75.

(2)

License transfers. The following license fee amounts are effective for the license year beginning September 1, 1995, and thereafter:

(A)

retail fish dealer's license transfer (type 382) - $5.00;

(B)

retail fish dealer's truck license transfer (type 388) - $5.00;

(C)

wholesale fish dealer's license transfer (type 382) - $5.00;

(D)

wholesale fish dealer's truck license transfer (type 388) - $5.00;

(E)

bait dealer's license transfer (type 387) - $5.00;

(F)

shrimp house operator's license transfer (type 389) - $5.00;

(G)

bait shrimp dealer's license transfer (type 385) - $5.00;

(H)

finfish import license transfer (type 381) - $5.00.

(3)

The fee for the saltwater trotline tag (type 307) shall be $3.00.

This agency hereby certifies that the proposal has been reviewed by legal counsel and found to be within the agency's legal authority to adopt.

Filed with the Office of the Secretary of State, on July 3, 2000.

TRD-200004604

Gene McCarty

Chief of Staff

Texas Parks and Wildlife Department

Earliest possible date of adoption: August 13, 2000

For further information, please call: (512) 389-4775


Chapter 58. OYSTERS AND SHRIMP

Subchapter B. STATEWIDE SHRIMP FISHERY PROCLAMATION

31 TAC §§58.102, 58.160, 58.161, 58.163 - 58.165

Texas Parks and Wildlife Department proposes amendments to §§58.102, 58.160-58.161, and 58.163-58.165, concerning the Statewide Shrimp Fishery Proclamation. The amendments are proposed in conjunction with an amendment to §53.6, concerning Fees, which, under the provisions 1 TAC §91.67(b), appears elsewhere in this issue. The proposed amendments are based upon scientific investigation and required findings of fact, as follows. FINDINGS

Shrimp are a critical part of healthy coastal ecosystems in Texas. They are an important food source for game fish that support a $2 billion sport fishery. Three principal species, brown shrimp, pink shrimp, and white shrimp, are the basis for Texas' most valuable commercial fishery with landings of over 97 million pounds in 1972 and 74 million pounds in 1998. The economic impact to the state has been estimated at one-half billion dollars. However, a decline of 27 years or longer of catch per unit effort (CPUE) in the shrimp fishery indicates that biological overfishing of shrimp populations is occurring.

The Legislature granted management authority over shrimp to the Texas Parks and Wildlife Commission (TPW) in 1985 contingent upon development of a shrimp management plan. Adopted in November 1989, the Texas Shrimp Fishery Management Plan (FMP) resulted in Commission authority over regulation of traditional management measures, including means, methods, times, places, quantity, and size of harvest.

The Legislature directed the Department to achieve optimum yield, defined as the amount of shrimp that the fishery will produce on a continuing basis to achieve the maximum economic benefits as modified by relevant social or ecological factors. If shrimp populations were overfished, then optimum yield was not being achieved and shrimp were, by definition, in a depleted state. The 1989 Shrimp FMP documented the overfished status of Texas shrimp populations. Increased fishing effort resulted in the harvest of more and more shrimp at smaller and smaller sizes giving rise to concerns for the long-term sustainability of shrimp stocks. To begin addressing the problem, TPW worked with industry and the 74th Legislature to establish a limited entry and license buyback program for the commercial bay and bait shrimp fishery in 1995. Since then, the voluntary license buyback program has retired 16% of the original licenses that were in effect, at a cost of $2.3 million.

TPW staff conducted a detailed re-examination of long-term trends in the shrimp fishery over the 18 months prior to this rulemaking proposal. TPW noted that management and buyback efforts appear to have stabilized but not reversed the overfishing trends evidenced in the Shrimp FMP. Data indicate that biological overfishing continues to occur in the shrimp fishery as documented by the declining sustainable harvest (CPUE -catch per unit effort) in Texas bays. In addition, a 39-year downward trend in the CPUE of adult shrimp in the Gulf continues, which negatively impacts the spawning potential of the population. A downward trend for the same time period was also noted in the average size of shrimp harvested, indicating a reduction in spawning potential. The harvest of juvenile shrimp (>67 count per pound) in the bays has increased by over 400% since 1972. This continued increase in harvest of small shrimp is also apparent in the declining mean size of brown shrimp in the bays evidenced since 1982 in TPW routine resource monitoring. Trends in landings and effort data are contained in a briefing book presented to the TPW Shrimp Advisory Committee and other stakeholders on April 18, 2000. (Copies of the briefing book may be obtained by writing Texas Parks and Wildlife, 4200 Smith School Road, Austin, Texas 78744). The National Marine Fisheries Service concurs with TPW that the shrimp fishery is currently in a state of growth overfishing. Growth overfishing occurs when the total yield or mean size decreases with increasing effort. The shrimp are caught before they can grow to a sufficiently large size to substantially contribute to the biomass. The resulting reduction of adult shrimp entering the spawning group in the Gulf threatens the sustainability of the shrimp fishery. Increased pounds and numbers of shrimp being harvested inshore at smaller sizes than in earlier years is indicative of growth overfishing and is reducing the potential for escapement to spawn.

Failure to reverse these trends could lead to more serious biological problems in the fishery and threaten the sustainability of the current shrimp fishery. Subsequently, economic consequences would be felt in both the commercial shrimp industry and in the recreational finfish and tourism industries.

The following is a partial list of documents reviewed and considered necessary to understand and evaluate the Texas shrimp fishery:

Bowen, B. K., and D. A. Hancock. 1984. Review of penaeid prawn fishery management regimes in Australia. 2nd Australian National Prawn Seminar. Queensland, Australia.

Funk, R. D. 1998. Economic impacts of license limitation and buyback on the Texas bay shrimp fishery. Ph.D. Dissertation. Texas A&M University.

Garcia, S. 1989. The management of coastal penaeid shrimp fisheries. In Marine Invertebrate Fisheries - Their assessment & Management. Ed. J. F. Caddy. John Wiley and Sons.

Gracia, A. 1997. Simulated and actual effects of the brown shrimp, Penaeus aztecus, Closure in Mexico. Marine Fisheries Review. 59(2).

Griffin, W., H. Hendrickson, C. Oliver, G. Matlock, C.E. Bryan, R. Riechers, and J. Clark. 1993. An economic analysis of Texas shrimp season closures. Marine Fisheries Review. 54(3).

Gulland, J. A. 1974. The Management of Marine Fisheries. University of Washington Press, Seattle. 198 p.

Gulland, J. A., and B. J. Rothschild. 1984. Penaeid shrimps - their biology and management. Fishing News Books Ltd.

Hendrickson, H. M., and W. Griffin. 1993. An analysis of management policies for reducing shrimp by-catch in the Gulf of Mexico. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 13:686-697.

Klima, E. F. 1989. Approaches to research and management of U. S. fisheries for penaeid shrimp in the Gulf of Mexico. In Marine Invertebrate Fisheries - Their assessment & Management. John Wiley and Sons.

Klima, E. F. 1985. Penaeid shrimp-their biology and management. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. 114(6):917-918.

Mathews, C. P. 1994. Fisheries Management: The Kuwaiti experience. Marine Fisheries Review. 56(1).

McLaren, I. A. (Editor). 1971. Natural Regulation of Animal Populations. Atherton Press, New York. 195 p.

Nance, J. 1993. Gulf of Mexico shrimp fishery recruitment overfishing definition workshop 2, NOAA Technical memorandum, NMFS-SEFSC-323, 12 p.

Nance, J. M. 1999. Stock assessment report for 1998: Gulf of Mexico shrimp fishery. National Marine Fisheries Service. Galveston Laboratory Technical Document.

Nance, J. M., E. X. Martinez, and E. F. Klima. 1994. Feasibility of improving the economic return from the Gulf of Mexico brown shrimp fishery. North American Journal of Fisheries Management. 14:522-536.

Norse, E. A. (Editor). 1993. Global Marine Biological Diversity. Island Press, Washington, DC. 383 p.

Önal, H., B. A. McCarl, W. L. Griffin, G. Matlock., and J. Clark. 1991. A bioeconoomic analysis of the Texas shrimp fishery and its optimal management. American Journal of Agricultural Economics. 73(1991):1161-1170.

Penn, J. W. 1984. The behavior and catchability of some commercially exploited penaeids and their relationship to stock and recruitment. In: Penaeid shrimps -their biology and management. Fishing News Books Ltd.

Penn, J. W. and N. Caputi. 1984. Stock recruitment relationships for the tiger prawn, Penaeus esculentus, fishery in Exmouth Gulf, Western Australia, and implications for management. 2nd Australian National Prawn Seminar. Queensland, Australia.

Rothschild, B. J., and S. L. Brunenmeister. 1984. The dynamics and management of shrimp in the northern Gulf of Mexico. In: Penaeid shrimps -their biology and management. Fishing News Books Ltd.

Sparre, P., and Venema, S. C. 1998. Introduction to tropical fish stock assessment. Part 1. Manual. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. No. 306.1, Rev. 2. Rome, FAO. 1998. 407 p.

Texas Parks & Wildlife Department. 1989. Texas shrimp fishery management plan. Fishery Management Plan Series. No. 2. Austin, Texas.

Unar, M., and N. Naamin. 1984. A review of the Indonesian shrimp fisheries and their management. Penaeid shrimps - their biology and management. Fishing News Books Ltd.

Upton, H. F., P. Hoar, and M. Upton. 1992. The Gulf of Mexico Shrimp Fishery: Profile of a valuable national resource. Center for Marine Conservation. Washington, DC. 113 p.

Van Zalinge, N. P. 1984. The shrimp fisheries in the Gulf between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula. In: Penaeid shrimps - their biology and management. Fishing News Books Ltd.

Velazquez, Martin Perez and Adolfo Gracia. 1999. Fecundity of Litopenaeus Setiferus, Farfantepenaeus Aztecus and F. Duorarum, in the southwestern Gulf of Mexico. Gulf and Caribbean Research Vol. 12, 1-9, 2000.

Other problems in the fishery that demonstrate inefficiency in using shrimp resources and prevent the achievement of optimum yield include excessive bycatch of finfish, invertebrates, and sea turtles as well as bottom habitat disturbance and water turbidity. TPW data indicate that approximately four pounds of bycatch are landed with every one pound of shrimp. Consequently, over 2 billion organisms, in number, are captured and most are discarded as bycatch each year during commercial bay shrimping activities. The proportions of bycatch to shrimp (in numbers) during spring and fall seasons were 55% bycatch to 45% shrimp, and 68% bycatch to 32% shrimp, respectively. By weight, the percentages of bycatch to shrimp during spring and fall seasons were 81% and 85%, respectively. The estimated minimum number of times the trawlable areas of the bay are trawled each year is at least 4 to 11 times for each bay system

The impacts of trawling on habitat, including bycatch, are documented in the Shrimp FMP, and other TPW research, as well as the following partial list of sources:

Alaska Sea Grant College Program. 1997. Fisheries bycatch: consequences and management.

Alaska Sea Grant College Program report No. 97-02, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 1997.

Bergman, M.J.N., and J.W. Van Santbrink. 2000. Fishing mortality of populations of megafauna in sandy sediments. Pages 49-68 in M.J. Kaiser and S.J. de Groot. The Effects of Fishing on Non-target Species and Habitats. Blackwell Science.

Branstetter, S. 1997. Bycatch and its reduction in the Gulf of Mexico and South Atlantic shrimp fisheries. Gulf and South Atlantic Fisheries Development Foundation, Inc. Tampa, Florida. 27 p. plus tables and figures.

Deweew, C. M. and E. Ueber (Editors). 1990. Effects of different fishery management schemes on bycatch, joint catch, and discards. Summary of a national workshop sponsored by the California Sea Grant College and the National Marine Fisheries Service. January 29-31, 1990. San Francisco, California. California Sea Grant College Report No. T-CSGCP-019. 55p.

Engel, J., and R. Kvitek. 1998. Effects of otter trawling on a benthic community in Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary. Conservation Biology. Vol. 12(6):1204-1214.

Gulf of Mexico Fishery Management Council. 1997. Amendment Number 9 to the fishery management plan for the shrimp fishery of the Gulf of Mexico, U. S. Waters. Tampa, Florida.

Hensley, R. A. and B. E. Fuls. 1998. Trends in relative abundance and size of selected finfishes and shellfishes along the Texas Coast: November 1975-December 1996. Management Data Series Number 159. Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, Coastal Fisheries Division. Austin, Texas.

Jones, J.B. 1992. Environmental impact of trawling on the seabed: a review. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research. Vol. 26(1): 59-67.

McAllister, D.E., and G. Spiller. 1994. Trawling and dredging impacts on fish habitat and bycatch. Pages 1709-1718 in Coastal Zone Canada 1994, Cooperation in the Coastal Zone. Conference Proceedings, Volume 4. Coastal Zone Canada Association, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia.

National Marine Fisheries Service. 1995. Cooperative research program addressing finfish bycatch in the Gulf of Mexico and South Atlantic shrimp fisheries: a report to Congress. National Marine Fisheries Service. St. Petersburg, Florida. 68p.

National Marine Fisheries Service. 1997. Managing the nation's bycatch: Priorities, programs and actions for the National Marine Fisheries Service. Draft document. March 20, 1997. 211 p.

National Research Council. Committee on Sea Turtle Conservation. Decline of the Sea Turtles: Causes and Prevention. Washington DC: National Academy Press, 1990.

Norse, E.A., and L. Watling. 1999. Impacts of mobile fishing gear: the biodiversity perspective. Pages 31-40 in L. Beneka, editor. Fish habitat: essential fish habitat and rehabilitation. American Fisheries Society, Symposium 22, Bethesda, Maryland.

Pascoe, S. 1997. Bycatch management and the economics of discarding. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. No. 370. Rome, FAO. 1997. 137 p.

Robinson, L. P. Campbell, and L. Butler. Trends in Texas commercial fishery landings, 1972-1997. Management Data Series Number 158. Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, Coastal Fisheries Division. Austin, Texas.

Schubel, J.R., H.H. Carter, and W.M. Wise. 1979. Shrimping as a source of suspended sediment in Corpus Christi Bay (Texas). Estuaries. Vol.2 (3): 201-203.

Southeastern Fisheries Association. 1992. International conference on shrimp bycatch. May 24-27, 1992. Lake Buena Vista, Florida. 364 p.

Turtle Expert Working Group. 1998. An assessment of the Kemp's ridley (Lepidochelys kempii) and loggerhead (Caretta caretta) sea turtle populations in the Western North Atlantic. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-SEFSC-409. 96pp.

Summary of Proposed Amendments. General Shrimping Rules

Require the use of bycatch reduction devices (BRDs) in all shrimp trawls except commercial bait shrimp trawls and recreational trawls. §58.160 (e)

Require the use of turtle excluder devices (TEDs) in all Gulf shrimp trawls except those under specified widths and those without mechanical retrieval devices. §58.160 (f) Shrimping In Outside Waters (Commercial and Recreational)

Establish a Northern Shrimp Zone from the Corpus Christi Fish Pass Jetties to Texas-Louisiana Border. §58.102 (17)

The Northern Shrimp Zone will be closed to shrimping at night all year from the shoreline out to 5 nautical miles. §58.161 (d)(2); §58.165 (b)(1)(A)

Establish a Southern Shrimp Zone from the Corpus Christi Fish Pass Jetties to the Texas-Mexico border. §58.102 (27)

The Southern Shrimp Zone will be closed to shrimping all year, night and day, from the shoreline out to 5 nautical miles. §58.161 (d)(1); §58.165 (b)(1)(B)

Limit Gulf trawls within the Northern Shrimp Zone (from zero to 5 nautical miles) to a total width of 130 feet, as measured from back of door along the corkline to back of door, with a single trawl not to exceed 65 feet in width, as measured from back of door along the corkline to back of door. §58.161 (a)(5)

Allow no more than 2 trawls to be fished at one time in the Northern Shrimp Zone (the shoreline out to 5 nautical miles). §58.161 (a)(4)

Increase the duration of the winter closed season in the Northern Shrimp Zone (the shoreline out to 5 nautical miles) from the period December 16 through February 1 to the period December 1 through February 15. §58.161 (d)(4); §58.165 (b)(1)(D)

Increase maximum trawl size requirements for harvesting of seabobs from 25 feet to 34 feet in width as measured between the doors. §58.161(d)(5)(D)(i)

Set the mesh size for commercial seabob trawls at 1-1/3 inches. §58.161 (d)(5)(D)(ii)

Allow shrimping for seabobs in the Southern Shrimp Zone outside 5 nautical miles. §58.161 (d)(5)(E)

Allow electro-trawls in outside waters beyond 5 nautical miles. §58.161 (a)(3) Shrimping In Inside Waters (Commercial and Recreational)

Increase the amount of nursery area closed to shrimping from a previous total of 12% of the bay waters coastwide to 18%. §58.102 (3) and (16)

Increase the bait bay area from a previous total of 34% of the bay waters to 39%. §58.102 (3) and (16) Shrimping In Inside Waters (Commercial and Recreational Bait Shrimping)

Increase the duration of the commercial baitfish season by one month from the period June 1 through September 30 to the period May 1 through September 30, and repeal the expiration provision. §58.160 (g)(1)(B)(ii); §58.160 (g)(1)(B (ii)(II)

Eliminate the "50% live" provision for commercial bait shrimp fishing. §58.164 (c)(2)

Eliminate the "no size limit" rule for shrimp caught under a commercial bait shrimping license and establish a minimum count-size limit of 100 heads-on shrimp per pound. §58.164(d); §58.165 (d)(5) Shrimping In Inside Waters (Commercial and Recreational Bay Shrimping) Spring Open Season

Increase the minimum mesh size requirements for commercial bay trawls from 1-1/3 inches to 1-1/2 inches. §58.163 (b)(5)(D)

Eliminate the "no size limit" rule for shrimp caught under a commercial bay shrimping license and establish a minimum count-size limit of 100 heads-on shrimp per pound. §58.163 (b)(4); §58.165 (c)(2)(D) Fall Open Season

Decrease the length of the fall open season by 15 days from August 15 through December 15 to August 15 through November 30. §58.163 (c)(1); §58.165 (c)(3)(A)

Eliminate the present mesh size of 1-1/3 inches after October 31 in commercial bay trawls and set the minimum mesh size for entire proposed fall season at 1-3/4 inches (August 15 through November 30). §58.163 (c)(5)(C)(iii) Winter Open Season

Allow a limited winter open season in bays north of the Colorado with legal shrimping hours being 1 a.m. to 30 minutes before sunrise. §58.163 (d)(2)(B)

Increase the minimum mesh size requirements for commercial bay trawls from 1-1/3 inches to 1-1/2 inches. §58.163 (d)(5)(D) General Amendments

Addition of the following definitions to facilitate law enforcement and reduce confusion:

Accelerator funnel. §58.102 (2)

Bycatch Reduction Device (BRD). §58.102 (6)

Centerline. §58.102 (7)

Cod end (tailbag). §58.102 (9)

Tailbag (cod end). §58.102 (28)

Turtle Excluder Device (TED). §58.102 (30) General measurement definitions to facilitate law enforcement and reduce confusion:

Functional tailbag length. §58.160 (d)(5)

TED length. §58.160 (d)(6)

Robin Riechers, staff economist, has determined that for each of the first five years that the rules as proposed are in effect, there will be no fiscal implications to local governments as a result of enforcing or administering the rules. For each of the first five years the rules are in effect, Mr. Riechers estimates the additional revenues to be $625,000 per year to state government, as based on the 1998-99 licenses sold, without considering the reduction in license fee revenues associated with the voluntary license buyback program for commercial bay and bait shrimp licenses. The new monies realized by the license fee increases will be used for the commercial shrimp license buyback program or other management and law enforcement activities required to manage the shrimp fishery. The increased annual cost to each particular license holder by type of license will be no more than $100. In fiscal year 1998-99, the following number of licenses by type were sold: Retail Fish Dealer's (2954), Wholesale Fish Dealer's (655), Wholesale Fish Truck Dealer's (65), Retail Fish Truck Dealer's (826), Resident Commercial Gulf Shrimp Boat (1157), Individual Bait-shrimp Trawl Tag (835), Bait Shrimp Dealer's (342),Resident Commercial Bay Shrimp Boat (1416), Resident Commercial Bait-Shrimp Boat (1363), Resident Commercial Bay Shrimp Boat Transfer (80), Resident Commercial Bait-Shrimp Boat Transfer (73), Non-Resident Commercial Gulf Shrimp Boat (392), Non-Resident Commercial Bay Shrimp Boat (1), Non-Resident Commercial Bait-Shrimp Boat (0), Non-Resident Commercial Bay Shrimp Boat Transfer (0), Non-Resident Commercial Bait-Shrimp Boat Transfer (0).

Mr. Riechers has also determined that for each of the first five years the rules as proposed are in effect, the public benefit anticipated as a results of enforcing or administering the rules as proposed will be: (a) better achievement of optimum yield for the shrimp fishery creating economic benefits which will ultimately be realized through greater CPUE which can result in greater yields by weight; and (b) better protection of other aquatic resources, such as finfish and sea turtles, and aquatic habitat. Overall, increased benefits to the public will be to provide on a continuing basis greater protection and enhancement of the populations of shrimp and other aquatic resources as well as to receive increased compensation for the commercial uses of state public resources. Better Achievement of Optimum Yield

These rules would defer the harvest of small shrimp. Those small shrimp not harvested as a result of these rules will be available later when they reach larger sizes. As shrimp become larger and move up in marketable size (count per pound) classes, on average the price per pound increases by about 15%. For example, if the rules increase the harvest of Texas shrimp by one size class on average, a $24 million increase in gross revenue (ex-vessel) would have been realized in 1998. Consequently, the overall impact to the shrimp fishery as a whole should be positive as the shrimp are harvested at larger sizes.

Establishment of the 100-count requirement and increasing mesh sizes should reduce the overall poundage of smaller shrimp harvested by shrimpers. Shrimp escaping as a result of the count size and increasing mesh size can double in size in 10-14 days. The resultant increase in shrimp count size will lead to greater value for product landed.

Increasing the amount of total nursery area will increase the amount of area closed to any trawling from 12% of all bay waters to 18% of all bay waters. Reduction of shrimping effort in these areas should result in greater escapement of shrimp to the Gulf, reduction in bycatch in these areas, and reduced trawling impacts on the nursery habitat. Providing protection to shrimp in these habitats should, at a later date, increase the amount of shrimp available in "open" areas and increase the probability of escapement to the Gulf spawning group.

Shortening the fall bay season by 15 days will have positive biological benefits by reducing the bag limit during the 15-day period. The bag limit during the fall bay season is unlimited for a commercial bay shrimping license. The bag limit is reduced to 200 pounds during this time period while fishing with a commercial bait shrimp license, thus allowing for greater escapement of shrimp to the Gulf.

Establishment of a closed area in the Gulf of Mexico from the Corpus Christi Fish Pass to the Texas-Mexico border from the beach out to 5 nautical miles, and reduction of overall net size and numbers of trawls from the beach out to 5 nautical miles on the upper coast, will allow shrimp to grow to larger and more valuable sizes. Extending the Gulf winter closure should allow additional shrimp to migrate to the Gulf. In addition, those shrimp would grow to a larger size and be available for harvest when the Gulf is open in the spring and summer. These rules should all provide for enhanced opportunity for escapement and increased spawning. While the net size and number requirements may reduce efficiency for some vessels fishing inside of 5 nautical miles in the Northern Shrimp Zone, greater overall benefits should be received throughout the fishery by harvesting shrimp at larger sizes further offshore and by increased spawning success.

All liberalized rules should produce an immediate positive fiscal impact on shrimpers and businesses engaged in the harvest, sale and transport of shrimp. New seasons and liberalized gear restrictions should provide new harvest opportunity and increased efficiency. Commercial bait shrimp license holders will receive more time to harvest baitfish. Increased efficiency also will be afforded commercial bait shrimp license holders by removing the 50%-shrimp-alive requirement. Participants in the commercial seabob fishery will increase efficiency through the use of larger nets, and a new nighttime season on the upper coast will afford new fishing opportunity to commercial bay shrimp license holders from February 1 to April 15 each year. Better Protection of Other Aquatic Resources

Bycatch reduction devices (BRDs) will reduce the mortality of other aquatic organisms caused by shrimping, especially juvenile finfish and invertebrates. Fishing mortality caused by shrimp trawl bycatch will be reduced for recreationally caught species such as flounder, Atlantic croaker, sand seatrout, and blue crab. Escapement of other organisms (provided by BRDs) will enhance the overall viability of the ecosystem and has the potential to increase populations of finfish and invertebrates caught in trawls. Turtle excluder devices will benefit the five threatened or endangered sea turtle species found in Texas waters. All of the area and seasonal closures (discussed earlier) will benefit other aquatic resources and the human industries that depend on those resources by reducing bycatch and habitat degradation.

Reducing fishing pressure on shrimp benefits aquatic resources by reducing adverse habitat effects, such as bycatch, bottom scouring, and turbidity. Benefits include larger more valuable shrimp available to the inshore and offshore fishery, enhancement of shrimp spawning stocks, and increased compensation for the use of public resources.

Mr. Riechers has also determined that for each of the first five years that the rules as proposed are in effect, the probable economic cost to persons required to comply with the rule would be as follows: Increased License Fees.

Increase of shrimping and business license fees will have a direct fiscal impact on individuals and businesses. Business and shrimping license fee increases will range from $24 to $100 per license per year, depending on the license. In addition to the increase in license fees, there are also increases in the transfer fees with resident and non-resident commercial bay and bait shrimping licenses. The cost to comply in years 2 to 5 will be the increased cost of the license above as the gear replacements are a one-time cost and would have occurred in year one. Implementation of the fee increase is proposed to occur September 1, 2001. Cost of New Gear

The additional cost to commercial bay shrimpers for replacing trawls containing 1-1/3-inch mesh with trawls containing 1-1/2-inch mesh should not exceed $20 more per trawl as compared to normal replacement costs of a 1-1/3-inch mesh trawl. The new mesh size requirement (becomes effective September 1, 2001) for commercial bay shrimpers should allow for a phase-in time for shrimpers to obtain new gear, and given replacement schedules for trawls, should reduce the overall cost of compliance with this requirement.

Federal law currently requires bycatch reduction devices (BRDs) in all shrimp trawls used in federal waters off Texas. Establishing this requirement in state law will have a minimal fiscal impact on shrimpers in the Gulf, as most shrimpers operate at least part of the time in federal waters and are already required to have the devices. For those who may have been fishing in only state waters, the proposed devices will cost approximately $20 to $60 per unit.

BRDs may cause a small loss of shrimp to the commercial shrimper. Studies on BRDs like those proposed have indicated a potential loss of 0-3% of shrimp from the trawl. Those shrimp lost via the BRD will be available for harvest at a later time.

Turtle excluder devices (TEDs) are currently required by federal law in virtually all shrimp trawls used in inside and outside waters of Texas. Establishing this requirement in state law will have a minimal fiscal impact on shrimpers in the Gulf as most who fish in state and federal waters are already required to have the devices.

The width and number requirements for Gulf trawls in the Northern Shrimp Zone within 5 nautical miles may create additional cost to shrimpers through the purchase of new gear. A typical 65-ft trawl with bag will cost approximately $1,100-$1,200 each. In general, the doors will not have to be upgraded, but, if they are, they will cost approximately $720-$750 for 8-ft doors; $750-$840 for 9-ft doors; and $800-$1,000 for 10-ft doors. Delayed implementation of this rule also will allow for phase-in of the new gear in conjunction with normal gear replacement that reduces the cost to comply. Additionally, the opportunity to fish outside 5 nautical miles without any increased cost in gear is available for industry members.

Overall, the estimated additional costs for businesses, small businesses, and micro-businesses in the first year are: Retail Fish Dealer ($24); Retail Fish Dealer's Truck ($44); Wholesale Fish Dealer ($100); Wholesale Fish Dealer's Truck ($100); Bait Shrimp Dealer ($55); Resident and Non-Resident Commercial Gulf Shrimp Boat: License ($100), Gear (up to $3500: as much as $3400 for new 65-foot nets and new ten-foot doors), for a total of $3500 (range = $100 to $3500); Resident Commercial Bay Shrimp Boat: License ($100), Gear (up to $140 for a BRD and new net), for a total of $235; Resident Commercial Bait Shrimp Boat: License ($95); Non-Resident Commercial Bay: License ($100), gear up to $140 (BRD, new net); total-$240; Non-Resident Commercial Bait Shrimp Boats: License ($100). Bay and Bait Shrimping license transfer fees are increased by $95.

The increases in mesh size, the larger nursery areas, the larger bait bay area, the shorter seasons, and the minimum count-size limit should allow all shrimpers to catch larger shrimp that are more valuable per pound. These rules should allow for increased recruitment of spawning shrimp so that there are more shrimp to be caught with less effort. Overall, the effect of these proposed rules should be an economic benefit to shrimpers, rather than an increased cost. Moreover, the proposed rules should help avert economic demise of the shrimp fishery. Studies worldwide demonstrate that overfished shrimp stocks can collapse, and the signs of overfishing in the Texas shrimp fishery are evident from Texas data. From this perspective, the cost of not adopting these rules-loss of the shrimp fishery and severe economic disruption for those who depend on it, directly or indirectly-exceeds the cost of compliance with the rules. Effect on Small and Micro-Business

The rules are expected to have a beneficial effect on small and micro-businesses. All businesses that depend on the shrimp resource will benefit from increasing the biological health and economic value of the resource, which these proposed rules are designed to do. The increased license fees are small for any individual business and the fee payers benefit by an enhanced license buy-back program, which in turn, along with the proposed regulation changes, will allow harvest of larger and more valuable shrimp with less effort.

The proposed rules will benefit the public by reversing the overfishing trends documented in this fishery while striving towards optimum yield, and should allow for harvest at levels seen previously in the fishery. While the benefits of the proposed rules can be calculated by a variety of methods, an estimate of the benefits can be based on an analysis using historical yield levels. First, in order to account for the variability from year-to-year, a five-year average of landings from two periods, 1972-76 and 1994-98 will be used. Using these values, the average landings of shrimp in Texas for the period 1972-76 were 10,553,660 pounds greater than that for the period from 1994-98. Based on the 1998 average price of $2.35 per pound, if shrimp harvest of 1972-76 levels is achieved, the results in future years will be an increase in ex-vessel value (gross value) to the fishery of $24, 801,101 per year.

In the 1998-99 license year, a total of 4,329 commercial bay, bait, and Gulf licenses were sold in Texas. Dividing $24,801,101 by the 4,329 licenses indicates that an average additional $5,729 could have been realized per license sold, had the 1994-98 landings been at the same level as the 1972-76 landings. Some businesses may hold more than one license, but for the purposes of this calculation, the benefits and cost of compliance are estimated per license.

As indicated, the estimated increased cost of compliance ranges from $95 to $3,500 in the first year the rules will be in effect. Given these estimated benefits and costs, the direct benefits in gross revenue per license holder would be between $2,229 and $5,634 in the first year, if landings are at or above 1972-76 levels. For years 2 to 5, the cost to comply with the rules for businesses directly harvesting the resource will range from $95 to $100, so the increase in gross revenues per license would be approximately $5,629 per year.

Another method to measure the benefits is to examine the effects of increases in the CPUE to historical levels. The declines of CPUE in the bay and Gulf are evident. If CPUE rises from the current 3-year average (1996-1998) to a past 3-year average (1972-1974) for Gulf and bay, the percent increase per hour of fishing for all shrimp would be 7% for the bays and 48% for the Gulf. This would represent increased pounds caught for the same level of effort, before considering any increased value due to larger sizes of shrimp harvested. For bay brown shrimp alone, an increase in CPUE to the 1972-74 levels would increase the weight of catch 59% for the same unit of effort expended. The average CPUE levels in 1972 to 1974 are not the highest level which have been documented throughout this time period, so CPUE benefits might even exceed this estimate.

The voluntary license buyback program for commercial bay and bait shrimping licenses, increased efficiencies, and increases in price per pound of shrimp harvested resulting from deferred harvest of shrimp will lead to additional positive benefits to the individual license holder.

The department has not filed a local impact statement with the Texas Workforce Commission as required by the Administrative Procedures Act, §2001.022, as the agency has determined that the rule as proposed will not negatively impact local economies.

The department has determined that there will not be a taking of private real property, as defined by Government Code, Chapter 2007, as a result of the proposed rules.

Comments are requested on the proposed rule changes from any interested person. Written comments may be submitted to Paul Hammerschmidt, Coastal Fisheries Division, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, 4200 Smith School Road, Austin, Texas 78744; (512) 389-4650 or 1(800) 792-1112 extension 4650 (e-mail: paul.hammerschmidt@tpwd.state.tx.us) by no later than August 20, 2000. Comments may be submitted orally at public hearings that are scheduled around the state. Please call Mr. Hammerschmidt or check the TPWD web site, tpwd.state.tx.us, to find the most convenient hearing.

The amendments are proposed under Parks and Wildlife Code, Chapter 61, Uniform Wildlife Regulatory Act (Wildlife Conservation Act of 1983), which provides the Commission with authority to establish wildlife resource regulations for this state; Chapter 66, which provides the Commision with the authority to regulate the catching possession, purchase, and sale of finfish; Chapter 67, which gives the Commission the authority to establish any limitations on the take, possession, propagation, transportation, importation, exportation, sale, and offering for sale of nongame fish and wildlife necessary to manage those species; Chapter 68, which provides the Commission with the authority to establish regulations governing the capture, trap, take, kill, possession, transportation, exportation, sale, and offering for sale of endangered fish and wildlife; Chapter 47, which authorizes the Commission to establish fees for commercial fishing licenses; Chapter 77, Shrimp, which provides the Commission with authority to regulate the catching, possession, purchase, and sale of shrimp; and Chapter 78, which authorizes the Commission to regulate the catching, possession, purchase, and sale of mussels, clams, and crabs.

The amendments affect Parks and Wildlife Code, Chapters 47, 61, 66, 67, 68, 77, and 78.

§58.102.Definitions.

The following words and terms, when used in this subchapter, shall have the following meanings, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

(1)

Aquatic products - Any aquatic life, alive or dead, uncooked, fresh or frozen, which is intended to be used for human consumption or bait.

(2)

Accelerator funnel - a device used to accelerate the flow of water through a shrimp trawl.

(3)

[ 2 ] Bait bays - Includes major bays, Chocolate Bay, West Bay, the Old Brazos River lying north of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway in Brazoria County, Copano Bay east of a line running from Rattlesnake Point to the northeastern boundary of the Bayside township, Nueces Bay from the bridge at State Highway 181 west to the second overhead power line dissecting the bay, Upper Laguna Madre, Baffin Bay, Alazan Bay, Carlos Bay, Baroom Bay, Lower Laguna Madre, and the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway exclusive of all tributaries. Beginning December 1, 2000 and thereafter, bait bays include major bays, Chocolate Bay, West Bay south and west of Interstate Highway 45 Causeway bridge and the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, Trinity Bay northward from a line extending from the mouth of Double Bayou in Chambers County to Double Bayou Channel Marker 14, to Separator C-2, to Point Barrow, Chambers County the Old Brazos River lying north of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway in Brazoria County, Upper Laguna Madre, Baffin Bay, Alazan Bay, Baroom Bay, Lower Laguna Madre including the Brownsville ship channel, and the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway exclusive of all tributaries.

(4)

[ (3) ] Bait-shrimp dealer - A person who operates an established place of business in a coastal county of the state for compensation or profit for the purpose of handling shrimp caught for use as bait from the inside water of this state, but does not include a person holding a wholesale fish dealer's license under Parks and Wildlife Code, §47.009.

(5)

Beam Trawl - A trawl, without wings, the mouth of which is held open by a rigid beam of wood or metal.

(6)

Bycatch Reduction Device (BRD) - a device installed in the cod end (tail bag) of a shrimp trawl for the purpose of excluding finfish from the net.

(7)

Centerline - the seam that runs along the top center of the trawl. In the absence of a seam, the centerline runs from the center point of the length of the head rope to the furthest distance on the top of the cod end of the trawl.

(8)

[ (4) ] Coastal waters - All the salt water of this state (as defined in §65.3 of this title (relating to Definitions)), including that portion of the Gulf of Mexico within the jurisdiction of the state extending nine nautical miles from the Gulf shoreline.

(9)

Cod end (Tailbag) - the end of a trawl which acts as the receptacle for shrimp and other organisms caught in the net. It is closed and secured, at the extreme end, with a line.

(10)

[ (5) ] Commercial bait shrimp boat - A boat that is required to be numbered or registered under the laws of the United States or of this state and that is used for the purpose of taking or attempting to take shrimp for use as bait and other aquatic products from the inside water of the state for pay or for the purpose of sale, barter, or exchange.

(11)

[ (6) ] Commercial bay shrimp boat - A boat that is required to be numbered or registered under the laws of the United States or of this state and that is used for the purpose of taking or attempting to take shrimp and other aquatic products from the inside water of the state for pay or for the purpose of sale, barter, or exchange.

(12)

[ (7) ] Commercial gulf shrimp boat - Any boat that is required to be numbered or registered under the laws of the United States or of this state and that is used for the purpose of taking or attempting to take shrimp and other aquatic products from the outside water of the state for pay or for the purpose of sale, barter, or exchange, or from salt water outside the state for pay or for the purpose of sale, barter, or exchange, and that unloads at a port or other point in the state without having been previously unloaded in another state or foreign country.

(13)

[ (8) ] Contiguous zone - That area of the Gulf of Mexico lying adjacent to and offshore of the jurisdiction of the State of Texas and in which shrimp of the Family Penaeidae [ genus Penaeus ] are found.

(14)

[ (9) ] Individual bait-shrimp trawl - A trawl used for the purpose of catching shrimp for personal use.

(15)

[ (10) ] Inside waters - All bays, inlets, outlets, passes, rivers, streams, and other bodies of water landward from the shoreline of the state along the Gulf of Mexico and contiguous to, or connected with, but not a part of, the Gulf of Mexico and within which the tide regularly rises and falls and in which saltwater shrimp are found or into which saltwater shrimp migrate.

(16)

[ (11) ] Major bays - The deeper, major bay areas of the inside water, including Sabine Lake north of Cameron Causeway, Trinity Bay, Galveston Bay, East Galveston Bay, West Galveston Bay, Matagorda Bay (including East Matagorda Bay), Tres Palacios Bay south of a line from Grassey Point to the mouth of Pinkerton Bayou, Espiritu Santo Bay, Lavaca Bay seaward of State Highway 35, San Antonio Bay seaward of a line from McDowell Point to Grassey Point to Marker 32 on the Victoria Barge Canal, Ayres Bay, Carlos Bay, Aransas Bay, Mesquite Bay, and Corpus Christi Bay all exclusive of tributary bays, bayous, and inlets, lakes and rivers. Beginning December 1, 2000 and thereafter Major bays include the deeper, major bay areas of the inside water, including Sabine Lake north of Cameron Causeway to the south of a line marked by the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway (Sabine Neches Canal/Sabine river) between the eastern most tip of Goat Island to the western most tip of Stewts Island, Trinity Bay southward from a line extending from the mouth of Double Bayou in Chambers County to Double Bayou Channel Marker 14, to Separator C-2, to Point Barrow, Chambers County, Galveston Bay, East Bay westward from a line extending from the entrance of Robinson Bayou south to the tide gauge at Marsh Point, Matagorda Bay westward of a line extending from the mouth of Mad Island Cut southward to the mouth of Maverick Bayou on Matagorda Peninsula, East Matagorda Bay, Tres Palacios Bay south of a line from Grassey Point to the mouth of Pinkerton Bayou, Espiritu Santo Bay, Lavaca Bay southward of State Highway 35, San Antonio Bay southward of a line from McDowell Point to Mosquito Point, Aransas Bay, and Corpus Christi Bay exclusive of the area bounded by a line extending from the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway at the southwest point of the Dagger Island chain, along Dagger Island to the southeast tip of South Ransom Island, then southeast to the westernmost point of land north of Marker 14 in the Corpus Christi Ship Channel , all exclusive of tributary bays, bayous, and inlets, lakes and rivers.

(17)

Northern Shrimp Zone - That portion of outside waters north of the Corpus Christi Fish Pass Jetties from a line formed by Latitude 27º 40' 34" to the Texas - Louisiana border.

(18)

[ (12) ] Nursery areas - Includes tributary bays, bayous, inlets, lakes, and rivers, which are proven to serve as significant growth and development environments for postlarval and juvenile shrimp not including the outside waters, major bays, or bait bays as defined in this section.

(19)

Otter Trawl - A funnel-shaped trawl, with wings, the mouth of which is held open by floats and weights and spread by trawl doors fastened to the wings.

(20)

[ (13) ] Outside waters - All the salt water of the state contiguous to and seaward from the shoreline of the state along the Gulf of Mexico as the shoreline is projected and extended in a continuous and unbroken line, following the contours of the shoreline, across bays, inlets, outlets, passes, rivers, streams, and other bodies of water; and that portion of the Gulf of Mexico extending from the shoreline seaward and within the jurisdiction of the state.

(21)

[ (14) ] Permanent structure - A building designed, planned, and constructed so as to remain at one location.

(22)

[ (15) ] Place of business - A permanent structure on the mainland or a barrier island where aquatic products or orders for aquatic products are received, or where aquatic products are sold or purchased, but does not include a vehicle, a boat, or any type of floating device, a public cold storage vault, or the portion of a structure that is used as a residence.

(23)

[ (16) ] Possess - The act of having in possession or control, keeping, detaining, restraining or holding.

(24)

[ (17) ] Second offense and third and subsequent offenses - Offenses for which convictions have been obtained within three years prior to the date of the offense charged.

(25)

[ (18) ] Shrimping - The taking or attempting to take shrimp from the public waters of this state.

(26)

[ (19) ] Shrimp house operator - A person who operates a shrimp house, plant, or other establishment for compensation or profit for the purpose of unloading and handling, from commercial gulf shrimp boats or commercial bay shrimp boats, fresh shrimp and other edible aquatic products caught or taken from the coastal water of the state or from salt water outside the state and brought into the state without having been previously unloaded in another state or foreign country, but does not include a person holding a wholesale fish dealer's license under Parks and Wildlife Code, §47.009.

(27)

Southern Shrimp Zone-That portion of outside waters south of the Corpus Christi Fish Pass Jetties from a line formed by Latitude 27º 40' 34" southward to the Texas - Mexico border.

(28)

Tailbag (Cod end) - that portion of the trawl at which the trawl body taper ends and the straight extension begins, extending to the terminal end of the trawl.

(29)

[ (20) ] Trawl - A beam trawl or otter trawl with a bag-shaped net which is used to catch shrimp.

[ (21)

Beam Trawl - A trawl, without wings, the mouth of which is held open by a rigid beam of wood or metal.]

[ (22)

Otter Trawl - A funnel-shaped trawl, with wings, the mouth of which is held open by floats and weights and spread by trawl doors fastened to the wings.]

(30)

Turtle Excluder Device (TED) - a device designed to be installed in a shrimp trawl forward of the cod end (tail bag) for the purpose of excluding sea turtles from the net.

§58.160.Taking or Attempting to Take Shrimp (Shrimping) - General Rules

(a)

It is unlawful to:

(1)

take or attempt to take shrimp within the boundaries of any natural or man-made pass leading from the inside waters to the outside waters (Gulf of Mexico) of the state;

(2)

use a trawl at a time when shrimping is prohibited;

(3)

possess a trawl of any type or mesh size in an area where the trawl or mesh size are prohibited. Such trawls may be possessed on vessels in port or in a marked channel going directly to or from an area where the use of the trawl is permitted; or

(4)

head shrimp aboard a boat in inside water or dump or deposit shrimp heads in the inside water.

(b)

A commercial shrimp boat license must be prominently displayed as to be clearly visible from both sides of the boat.

(c)

All commercial shrimp boats are required to exhibit the vessel's documentation or registration number on the port and starboard sides of the deckhouse or hull and on an appropriate weather deck. The number in block Arabic numerals in contrasting color to the background must be at least 18 inches in height on vessels over 65 feet and ten inches in height for all other vessels and be permanently attached.

(d)

Gear Measurements: Except as otherwise provided in this section, all gear measurements are made as follows:

(1)

Otter trawls (main net and try net)- Total net width is measured along an uninterrupted corkline from leading tip of door to leading tip of door including any and all add-on devices or attachments to the corkline.

(2)

Beam Trawls (main net and try net) - measured along the beam of a beam trawl in its fully extended position.

(3)

Doors - measured along the door centerline from the leading tip to the trailing edge of the door, excluding any add-on devices of any type.

(4)

Mesh sizes - measured between the two most widely separated knots in any consecutive series of five stretched meshes after the trawl has been used, and applies to the trawl, bag and bag liner. Mesh size requirements do not apply to net material used in any approved excluder device.

(5)

Functional tailbag length - that portion of the cod end forward of the tail rope tie off rings toward the mouth of the trawl.

(6)

TED Length: if the webbing immediately surrounding a hard TED has a mesh size smaller than that allowed for the trawl for that area or season, such webbing may not extend farther than 10 stretched meshes forward of the leading edge of the TED nor farther than 10 stretched meshes rearward of the trailing edge of the TED, not including the escape flap.

(e)

Bycatch Reduction Device (BRD) requirements.

(1)

Except as otherwise provided in this section, beginning September 1, 2001 and thereafter, all shrimp boats must have an approved BRD installed in each trawl that is rigged for fishing. A trawl is rigged for fishing if it is in the water, or if it is shackled, tied, or otherwise connected to any trawl door or board, or to any tow rope, cable, pole or extension, either on board or attached in any manner to the shrimp boat.

(2)

Exemptions from the BRD requirement- A shrimp boat is exempt from the BRD requirements of subsection (e)(1) of this section if it:

(A)

Is fishing under the provisions of a commercial bait shrimp license as established in §58.164 of this title (relating to Shrimping in Inside Waters - Commercial Bait Shrimping); or

(B)

Is fishing under the provisions of a individual bait-shrimp trawl tag as established in §58.165 of this title (relating to Non-commercial (recreational) Shrimping).

(3)

A single try net that is 21 feet in total width or less is exempt from the BRD requirement.

(4)

Approved BRDs:

(A)

Fish Eye-like devices (similar to "Fish Eye" or "Sea Eagle") minimum construction and installation requirements.

(i)

Frame must be constructed of aluminum or steel rod at least 1/4 inch in diameter.

(ii)

Any dimension of the escape opening must be at least 5 inches, and the total escape opening area must be at least 36.0 square inches.

(iii)

Beginning of opening may not be placed more than 20 inches to either side of the centerline of the tailbag.

(iv)

Frame must be installed in the cod end of the trawl to create an escape opening in the trawl, facing in the direction of the mouth of the trawl, no further forward than 10 feet from the cod end tie-off rings.

(v)

Opening may not be placed within 24 inches aft of the lazy line attachment system (i.e., any mechanism, such as elephant ears or choker straps, used to attach the lazy line to the cod end).

(vi)

Opening must not be obstructed while trawl is being towed.

(B)

Extended Funnel devices (similar to "Jones/Davis", "large mesh", and "Extended Funnel devices") minimum construction and installation requirements.

(i)

These devices must be attached between the Turtle Excluder Device (TED) of the trawl and the tailbag, using a functional tailbag length no longer than 15 feet.

(ii)

Jones-Davis BRD must contain all of the following:

(I)

Webbing extension. The webbing extension must be constructed from a single piece of No. 30 nylon webbing with a mesh size of 8-1/4 inches over 5 stretched meshes measuring 42 meshes by 120 meshes. A tube is formed from the extension webbing by sewing the 42-mesh side together.

(II)

28-inch cable hoop. A single hoop must be constructed of 1/2-inch steel cable 88 inches in length. The cable must be joined at its ends by a 3-inch piece of 1/2-inch aluminum pipe and pressed with a 3/8-inch die to form a hoop. The inside diameter of this hoop must be between 27 and 29 inches. The hoop must be attached to the extension webbing 17-1/2 meshes behind the leading edge. The extension webbing must be quartered and attached in four places around the hoop, and every other mesh must be attached all the way around the hoop using No. 24 twine or larger. The hoop must be laced with 3/8-inch polypropylene or polyethylene rope for chaffing.

(III)

24-inch hoop. A single hoop must be constructed of either No. 60 twine 80 inches in length or 3/8-inch steel cable 75-1/2 inches in length. If twine is used, the twine must be laced in and out of the extension webbing 39 meshes behind the leading edge, and the ends must be tied together. If cable is used, the cable must be joined at its ends by a 3-inch piece of 3/8-inch aluminum pipe and pressed together with a 1/4-inch die to form a hoop. The inside diameter of this hoop must be between 23 and 25 inches. The hoop must be attached to the extension webbing 39 meshes behind the leading edge. The extension webbing must be quartered and attached in four places around the hoop, and every other mesh must be attached all the way around the hoop using No. 24 twine or larger. The hoop must be laced with 3/8-inch polypropylene or polyethylene rope for chaffing.

(IV)

Funnel. The funnel must be constructed from four sections of 1-1/2-inch heat-set and depth-stretched polypropylene or polyethylene webbing. The two side sections must be rectangular in shape, 29-1/2 meshes on the leading edge by 23 meshes deep. The top and bottom sections are 29-1/2 meshes on the leading edge by 23 meshes deep and tapered 1 point 2 bars on both sides down to 8 meshes across the back. The four sections must be sewn together down the 23-mesh edge to form the funnel.

(V)

Attachment of the funnel in the webbing extension. The funnel must be installed two meshes behind the leading edge of the extension starting at the center seam of the extension and the center mesh of the funnel's top section leading edge. On the same row of meshes, the funnel must be sewn evenly all the way around the inside of the extension. The funnel's top and bottom back edges must be attached one mesh behind the 28-inch cable hoop (front hoop). Starting at the top center seam, the back edge of the top funnel section must be attached four meshes each side of the center. Counting around 60 meshes from the top center, the back edge of the bottom section must be attached 4 meshes on each side of the bottom center. Clearance between the side of the funnel and the 28-inch cable hoop (front hoop) must be at least 6 inches when measured in the hanging position.

(VI)

Cutting the escape openings. The leading edge of the escape opening must be located within 18 inches of the posterior edge of the turtle excluder device (TED) grid. The area of the escape opening must total at least 864 square inches. Two escape openings 10 meshes wide by 13 meshes deep must be cut 6 meshes apart in the extension webbing, starting at the top center extension seam, 3 meshes back from the leading edge and 16 meshes to the left and to the right (total of four openings). The four escape openings must be double selvaged for strength.

(VII)

Alternative Method for Constructing the Funnel and Escape Openings. The following method for constructing the funnel and escape openings may be used instead of the method described in subclauses (IV)-(VI) of this clause. With this alternative method, the funnel and escape openings are formed by cutting a flap in each side of the extension webbing; pushing the flaps inward; and attaching the top and bottom edges along the bars of the extension webbing to form the v-shape of the funnel. Minimum requirements applicable to this method include:

(-a-)

The funnel's top and bottom back edges must be attached one mesh behind the 28-inch cable hoop (front hoop);

(-b-)

clearance between the side of the funnel and the 28-inch cable hoop (front hoop) must be at least 6 inches when measured in the hanging position;

(-c-)

the leading edge of the escape opening must be located within 18 inches of the posterior edge of the turtle excluder device (TED) grid; and

(-d-)

the area of the escape opening must total at least 864 square inches. To construct the funnel and escape openings using this method, begin 3-1/2 meshes from the leading edge of the extension, at the top center seam, count over 18 meshes on each side, and cut 13 meshes toward the back of the extension. Turn parallel to the leading edge, and cut 26 meshes toward the bottom center of the extension. Next, turn parallel to the top center seam, and cut 13 meshes forward toward the leading edge, creating a flap of webbing 13 meshes by 26 meshes by 13 meshes. Lengthen the flap to 18 meshes by adding a 4-1/2-mesh by 26-mesh rectangular section of webbing to the 26-mesh edge. Attach the 18-mesh edges to the top and bottom of the extension by sewing 2 bars of the extension to 1 mesh on the flap in toward the top center and bottom center of the extension, forming the exit opening and the funnel. Connect the two flaps together in the center with a 7-inch piece of No. 42 twine to allow adequate clearance for fish escapement between the flaps and the side openings. On each side, sew a 6-mesh by 10-1/2-mesh section of webbing to 6 meshes of the center of the 26-mesh cut on the extension and 6 meshes centered between the 13-mesh cuts 3-1/2 meshes from the leading edge. This forms two 10-mesh by 13-mesh openings on each side.

(VIII)

Cone fish deflector. The cone fish deflector is constructed of 2 pieces of polypropylene or polyethylene webbing with a mesh size of 8-1/4 inches over 5 stretched meshes measuring 40 meshes wide by 20 meshes in length and cut on the bar on each side forming a triangle. Starting at the apex of the two triangles, the two pieces must be sewn together to form a cone of webbing. The apex of the cone fish deflector must be positioned within 10-14 inches of the posterior edge of the funnel.

(IX)

11-inch cable hoop for cone deflector. A single hoop must be constructed of 5/16-inch or 3/8-inch cable 34-1/2 inches in length. The ends must be joined by a 3-inch piece of 3/8-inch aluminum pipe pressed together with a 1/4-inch die. The hoop must be inserted in the webbing cone, attached 10 meshes from the apex and laced all the way around with heavy twine.

(X)

Installation of the cone in the extension. The cone must be installed in the extension 12 inches behind the back edge of the funnel and attached in four places. The midpoint of a piece of No. 60 twine 4 feet in length must be attached to the apex of the cone. This piece of twine must be attached to the 28-inch cable hoop at the center of each of its sides; the points of attachment for the two pieces of twine must be measured 20 inches from the midpoint attachment. Two 8-inch pieces of No. 60 twine must be attached to the top and bottom of the 11-inch cone hoop. The opposite ends of these two pieces of twine must be attached to the top and bottom center of the 24-inch cable hoop; the points of attachment for the two pieces of twine must be measured 4 inches from the points where they are tied to the 11-inch cone hoop.

(iii)

Extended Funnel (standard size) must contain all of the following:

(I)

Extension Material. The small-mesh sections used on both sides of the large-mesh escape section are constructed of No. 30 nylon webbing with a mesh size of 8-1/4 inches over 5 stretched meshes. The front section is 120 meshes around by 6-1/2 meshes deep. The back section is 120 meshes around by 23 meshes deep.

(II)

Large-Mesh Escape Section. The large-mesh escape section is constructed of webbing with a mesh size of 40-50 inches over 5 stretched meshes. This section is cut on the bar to form a section that is 15 inches in length by 95 inches in circumference. The leading edge is attached to the 6-1/2-mesh extension section and the rear edge is attached to the 23-mesh extension section.

(III)

Funnel. The funnel is constructed of No. 30 depth-stretched and heat-set polyethylene webbing with a mesh size of 7-1/2 inches over 5 stretched meshes. The circumference of the leading edge is 120 meshes and the back edge is 78 meshes. The short side of the funnel is 34 to 36 inches long and the opposite side of the funnel extends an additional 22 to 24 inches. The circumference of the leading edge of the funnel is attached to the forward small-mesh section three meshes forward of the large-mesh escape section and is evenly sewn, mesh for mesh, to the small-mesh section. The after edge of the funnel is attached to the after small-mesh section at its top and bottom eight meshes back from the large-mesh escape panel. Seven meshes of the top and seven meshes of the bottom of the funnel are attached to eight meshes at the top and bottom of the small-mesh section, such eight meshes being located immediately adjacent to the top and bottom centers of the small-mesh section on the side of the funnel's extended side. The extended side of the funnel is sewn at its top and bottom to the top and bottom of the small-mesh section, extending at an angle toward the top and bottom centers of the small-mesh section.

(IV)

Semi-Rigid Hoop. A 30-inch diameter hoop constructed of plastic-coated trawl cable, swaged together with a 3/8-inch micropress sleeve, is installed five meshes behind the trailing edge of the large-mesh escape section. The extension webbing must be laced to the ring around the entire circumference and must be equally distributed on the hoop, that is, 30 meshes must be evenly attached to each quadrant.

(V)

Installation. The extended funnel BRD is attached 8 inches (20.3 cm) behind the posterior edge of the TED. If it is attached behind a soft TED, a second semi-rigid hoop, as prescribed in subclause (IV) of this clause, must be installed in the front section of the BRD extension webbing at the leading edge of the funnel. The cod end of the trawl net is attached to the trailing edge of the BRD.

(iv)

Extended Funnel (Inshore Size) must contain all of the following:

(I)

Extension Material. The small-mesh sections used on both sides of the large-mesh escape section are constructed of No. 18 nylon webbing with a mesh size of 6-7/8 inches over 5 stretched meshes. The front section is 120 meshes around by 6-1/2 meshes deep. The back section is 120 meshes around by 23 meshes deep.

(II)

Large-Mesh Escape Section. The large-mesh escape section is constructed of webbing with a mesh size of 40-50 inches over 5 stretched meshes. This section is cut on the bar to form a section that is 15 inches by 75 inches in circumference. The leading edge is attached to the 6-1/2-mesh extension section and the rear edge is attached to the 23-mesh extension section.

(III)

Funnel. The funnel is constructed of with a mesh size of 6-7/8 inches over 5 stretched meshes, No. 18 depth-stretched and heat-set polyethylene webbing. The circumference of the leading edge is 120 meshes and the back edge is 78 meshes. The short side of the funnel is 30 to 32 inches long and the opposite side of the funnel extends an additional 20 to 22 inches. The circumference of the leading edge of the funnel is attached to the forward small-mesh section three meshes forward of the large-mesh escape section and is evenly sewn, mesh for mesh, to the small-mesh section. The after edge of the funnel is attached to the after small-mesh section at its top and bottom eight meshes back from the large-mesh escape panel. Seven meshes of the top and seven meshes of the bottom of the funnel are attached to eight meshes at the top and bottom of the small-mesh section, such eight meshes being located immediately adjacent to the top and bottom centers of the small-mesh section on the side of the funnel's extended side. The extended side of the funnel is sewn at its top and bottom to the top and bottom of the small-mesh section, extending at an angle toward the top and bottom centers of the small-mesh section.

(IV)

Semi-Rigid Hoop. A 24-inch diameter hoop constructed of plastic-coated trawl cable, swaged together with a 3/8-inch micropress sleeve, is installed five meshes behind the trailing edge of the large mesh section. The extension webbing must be laced to the ring around the entire circumference and must be equally distributed on the hoop, that is, 30 meshes must be evenly attached to each quadrant.

(V)

Installation. The extended funnel BRD is attached 8 inches behind the posterior edge of the TED. If it is attached behind a soft TED, a second semi-rigid hoop, as prescribed in subclause (IV) of this clause, must be installed in the front section of the BRD extension webbing at the leading edge of the funnel. The cod end of the trawl net is attached to the trailing edge of the BRD.

(v)

Expanded Mesh. The expanded mesh BRD is constructed and installed exactly the same as the standard size extended funnel BRD, except that one side of the funnel is not extended to form a lead panel.

(f)

Turtle Excluder Device (TED) requirements.

(1)

Except as otherwise provided in this section, all shrimp boats fishing in Texas outside waters must have an approved TED installed in each trawl that is rigged for fishing. A trawl is rigged for fishing if it is in the water, or if it is shackled, tied, or otherwise connected to any trawl door or board, or to any tow rope, cable, pole or extension, either on board or attached in any manner to the shrimp boat.

(2)

Exemptions from the TED requirement. A shrimp boat is exempt from the TED requirements if it:

(A)

has on board no power or mechanical-advantage trawl retrieval system (i.e., any device used to haul any part of the trawl aboard); or

(B)

has only a pusher-head trawl, skimmer trawl, or wing net rigged for fishing.

(3)

Exempted gear or activities. The following fishing gear or activities are exempted from the TED requirements:

(A)

A single test net (try net) that is 21 feet in total width or less, if it is either pulled immediately in front of another trawl or is not connected to another trawl in any way, if no more than one test net is used at a time, and if it is not towed as a primary trawl;

(B)

A beam or roller trawl, if the frame is outfitted with rigid vertical bars, and if none of the spaces between the bars, or between the bars and the frame, exceeds 4 inches.

(4)

Approved TEDs.

(A)

Hard TEDs. Hard TEDs are TEDs with rigid deflector grids and are categorized as "hooped hard TEDs," such as the NMFS and Cameron TEDs, or "single-grid hard TEDs," such as the Matagorda and Georgia TEDs. Hard TEDs complying with the following generic design criteria are approved TEDs:

(i)

Construction materials. A hard TED must be constructed of one or a combination of the following materials, with minimum dimensions as follows:

(I)

Solid steel rod with a minimum outside diameter of 1/4 inch;

(II)

Fiberglass or aluminum rod with a minimum outside diameter of 1/2 inch; or

(III)

Steel or aluminum tubing with a minimum outside diameter of 1/2 inch and a minimum wall thickness of 1/8 inch (also known as schedule 40 tubing).

(ii)

Method of attachment. A hard TED must be sewn into the trawl around the entire circumference of the TED with heavy twine.

(iii)

Angle of deflector bars.

(I)

The angle of the deflector bars must be between 30 degrees and 55 degrees from the normal, horizontal flow through the interior of the trawl, except:

(II)

In a hard TED with the position of the escape opening at the bottom of the trawl when the trawl is in its deployed position, the angle of the deflector bars from the normal, horizontal flow through the interior of the trawl, at any point, must not exceed 55 degrees, and:

(-a-)

If the deflector bars that run from top to bottom are attached to the bottom frame of the TED, the angle of the bottom-most 4 inches of each deflector bar, measured along the bars, must not exceed 45 degrees;

(-b-)

If the deflector bars that run from top to bottom are not attached to the bottom frame of the TED, the angle of the imaginary lines connecting the bottom frame of the TED to the bottom end of each deflector bar which runs from top to bottom must not exceed 45 degrees.

(iv)

Space between bars. The space between deflector bars and between the deflector bars and the frame must not exceed 4 inches.

(v)

Direction of bars. The deflector bars must run from top to bottom of the TED, as the TED is positioned in the trawl, except that up to four of the bottom bars and two of the top bars, including the frame, may run from side to side of the TED.

(vi)

Position of escape opening. The entire width of the escape opening from the trawl must be centered on and immediately forward of the frame at either the top or bottom of the trawl when the trawl is in its deployed position. The escape opening must be at the top of the trawl when the slope of the deflector bars from forward to aft is upward, and must be at the bottom when such slope is downward. For a single-grid TED, the escape opening must be cut horizontally along the same plane as the TED, and may not be cut in a fore-and-aft direction.

(vii)

Size of escape opening.

(I)

Hooped hard TED. The escape opening must not be smaller than 25 inches by 25 inches. A door frame may not be used over the escape opening.

(II)

Single-grid hard TED. The cut in the trawl webbing for the escape opening cannot be narrower than the outside width of the grid minus 4 inches on both sides of the grid, when measured as a straight line width. The resulting escape opening in the trawl webbing must measure at least 32 inches in horizontal taut length and, simultaneously, 10 inches in vertical taut height. The vertical measurement must be taken at the midpoint of the horizontal measurement.

(viii)

Size of hoop or grid.

(I)

Hooped hard TED.

(-a-)

An oval front hoop on a hard TED must have an inside horizontal measurement of at least 32 inches and an inside vertical measurement of at least 20 inches.

(-b-)

A circular front hoop on a hard TED must have an inside diameter of at least 32 inches.

(II)

Single-grid hard TED. A single-grid hard TED must have an inside horizontal and vertical measurement of at least 28 inches. The required inside measurements must be at the mid-point of the deflector grid.

(ix)

Flotation. Flotation is required on all hard TEDs with bottom escape openings.

(I)

Installation and construction requirements:

(-a-)

floats must be attached to the top one-half of the TED;

(-b-)

floats may be attached either outside or inside the trawl;

(-c-)

floats must be attached with heavy twine or rope;

(-d-)

floats must be constructed of aluminum, hard plastic, expanded polyvinyl chloride, or expanded vinyl acetate unless otherwise specified.

(II)

Flotation compliance options. The requirements of this clause may be satisfied if any of the criteria below are met.

(-a-)

Dimension requirements:

(-1-)

For hard TEDs with a circumference of 120 inches or more, a minimum of either one round, aluminum or hard plastic float, no smaller than 9.8 inches in diameter, or two expanded polyvinyl chloride or expanded ethylene vinyl acetate floats, each no smaller than 6.75 inches in diameter by 8.75 inches in length, must be attached.

(-2-)

For hard TEDs with a circumference of less than 120 inches, a minimum of either one round, aluminum or hard plastic float, no smaller than 9.8 inches in diameter, or one expanded polyvinyl chloride or expanded ethylene vinyl acetate float, no smaller than 6.75 inches in diameter by 8.75 inches in length, must be attached.

(-b-)

Float buoyancy requirements. Floats of any size and in any combination must be attached such that the combined buoyancy of the floats, as marked on the floats, equals or exceeds the weight of the hard TED, as marked on the TED. The buoyancy of the floats and the weight of the TED must be clearly marked on the floats and the TED as follows:

(-1-)

Float buoyancy markings. Markings on floats must be made in clearly legible raised or recessed lettering by the original manufacturer. The marking must identify the buoyancy of the float in water, expressed in grams or kilograms, and must include the metric unit of measure. The marking may additionally include the buoyancy in English units. The marking must identify the nominal buoyancy for the manufactured float.

(-2-)

TED weight markings. The marking must be made by the original TED manufacturer and must be permanent and clearly legible. The marking must identify the in-air, dry weight of the TED, expressed in grams or kilograms, and must include the metric unit of measure. The marking may additionally include the weight in English units. The marked weight must represent the actual weight of the individual TED as manufactured. Previously manufactured TEDs may be marked upon return to the original manufacturer. Where a TED is comprised of multiple detachable components, the weight of each component must be separately marked.

(-c-)

Buoyancy-dimension requirements. Floats of any size and in any combination, provided that they are marked pursuant to clause (ix)(II)(-a-) of this subparagraph, must be attached such that the combined buoyancy of the floats equals or exceeds the following values:

(-1-)

For floats constructed of aluminum or hard plastic, regardless of the size of the TED grid, the combined buoyancy must equal or exceed 14 lb. (6.4 kg);

(-2-)

For floats constructed of expanded polyvinyl chloride or expanded ethylene vinyl acetate, where the circumference of the TED is 120 inches or more, the combined buoyancy must equal or exceed 20 lb. (9.1 kg); or

(-3-)

For floats constructed of expanded polyvinyl chloride or expanded ethylene vinyl acetate, where the circumference of the TED is less than 120 inches, the combined buoyancy must equal or exceed 10 lb. (4.5 kg).

(B)

Jones TED. The Jones TED must be constructed of at least 1-1/4 inch outside diameter aluminum or steel pipe, and the pipe must have a wall thickness of at least 1/8 inch. It must be generally oval in shape with a flattened bottom. The deflector bars must be attached to the frame at a 45-degree angle from the horizontal positioning downward and each bar must be attached at only one end to the frame. The deflector bars must be attached and lie in the same plane as the frame. The space between the ends of the bottom deflector bars and the bottom frame bar must be no more than 3 inches. The spacing between the bottom three deflector bars on each side must be no greater than 2-1/2 inches. The spacing between all other deflector bars must not exceed 3-1/2 inches and spacing between ends of opposing deflector bars also must not exceed 3-1/2 inches. This TED must comply with subparagraph (A)(ii), (iii), (vi), (vii)(II), (viii)(II), and (ix) of this paragraph with respect to the method of attachment, the angle of the deflector bars, the position of the escape opening, the size of the escape opening, the size of the grid, and flotation.

(C)

Soft TEDs. Soft TEDs are TEDs with deflector panels made from polypropylene or polyethylene netting. The Parker TED is the only approved TED. The Parker TED is a soft TED, consisting of a single triangular panel, composed of webbing of two different mesh sizes, that forms a complete barrier inside a trawl and that angles toward an escape opening in the top of the trawl.

(i)

Excluder Panel. The excluder panel of the Parker TED must be constructed of a single triangular piece of webbing with a mesh size of 40 inches over 5 stretched meshes and two trapezoidal pieces of webbing with a mesh size of 20 inches over 5 stretched meshes. The webbing must consist of No. 48 (3-mm thick) or larger polypropylene or polyethylene webbing that is heat-set knotted or braided. The leading edge of the triangular panel must be 36 meshes wide and be tapered on each side with all-bar cuts to converge on an apex, such that the length of each side is 36 bars. The leading edges of the trapezoidal panel must be 8 meshes wide and must be cut with all-bar cuts running parallel to each other, such that the length of the inner edge is 72 bars and the length of the outer edge is 89 bars and the resulting fore-and-aft edge is 8 meshes deep. The two trapezoidal panels must be sewn to the triangular panel to create a single triangular excluder panel. The 72-bar edge of each trapezoidal panel must be securely joined with twine to one of the 36-bar edges of the triangular panel, tied with knots at each knot of the trapezoidal webbing and at least two wraps of twine around each bar of trapezoidal and the adjoining bar of the 8-inch (20.3-cm) mesh. The adjoining fore-and-aft edges of the two trapezoidal panels must be sewn together evenly.

(ii)

Limitations on which trawls may have a Parker TED installed. The Parker TED must not be installed or used in a two-seam trawl with a tongue, nor in a triple-wing trawl (a trawl with a tongue along the headrope and a second tongue along the footrope). The Parker TED may be installed and used in any other trawl if the taper of the body panels of the trawl does not exceed 4 bars, 1 point and if it can be properly installed in compliance with subparagraph (C)(iii) of this paragraph.

(iii)

Panel installation:

(I)

Leading edge attachment. The leading edge of the excluder panel must be attached to the inside of the bottom of the trawl across a straight row of meshes. For a two-seam trawl or a four-seam, tapered-wing trawl, the row of meshes for attachment to the trawl must run the entire width of the bottom body panel, from seam to seam. For a four-seam, straight-wing trawl, the row of meshes for attachment to the trawl must run the entire width of the bottom body panel and half the height of each wing panel of the trawl. Every mesh of the leading edge of the excluder panel must be evenly sewn to this row of meshes; meshes may not be laced to the trawl.

(II)

Apex attachment. The apex of the triangular excluder panel must be attached to the inside of the top body panel of the trawl at the centerline of the trawl.

(III)

Side attachment. The sides of the excluder panel must be attached evenly to the inside of the trawl from the outside attachment points of the excluder panel's leading edge to the apex of the excluder panel. Each side must be sewn with the same sewing sequence, and, if the sides of the excluder panel cross rows of bars in the trawl, the crossings must be distributed evenly over the length of the side attachment.

(iv)

Escape opening for the Parker soft TED must be a longitudinal cut and meet the following specifications. A slit at least 56 inches in taut length must be cut along the centerline of the top body panel of the trawl immediately forward of the apex of the panel webbing. The slit must not be covered or closed in any manner. The edges and end points of the slit must not be reinforced in any way; for example, by attaching additional rope or webbing or by changing the orientation of the webbing.

(D)

Allowable modifications to hard TEDs and special hard TEDs. Unless otherwise prohibited in subparagraph (B) of this paragraph, only the following modifications may be made to an approved hard TED or an approved special hard TED:

(i)

Floats. In addition to floats required pursuant to subparagraph (A)(ix) of this paragraph, floats may be attached to the top one-half of the TED, either outside or inside the trawl, but not to a flap. Floats attached inside the trawl must be behind the rear surface at the top of the TED.

(ii)

Accelerator funnel. An accelerator funnel may be installed in the trawl, if it is made of net webbing material with a stretched mesh size not greater 8-1/4 inches over a series of 5 stretched meshes if it has an inside horizontal opening of at least 39 inches when measured in a taut position, if it is inserted in the trawl immediately forward of the TED, and if its rear edge does not extend past the bars of the TED. The trailing edge of the accelerator funnel may be attached to the TED on the side opposite the escape opening if not more than 1/3 of the circumference of the funnel is attached, and if the inside horizontal opening of at least 39 inches is maintained. In a bottom-opening TED, only the top 1/3 of the circumference of the funnel may be attached to the TED. In a top-opening TED, only the bottom 1/3 of the circumference of the funnel may be attached to the TED.

(iii)

Webbing flap. A webbing flap may be used to cover the escape opening under the following conditions: No device holds it closed or otherwise restricts the opening; it is constructed of webbing with a stretched mesh size not greater 8-1/4 inches over a series of 5 stretched meshes; it lies on the outside of the trawl; it is attached along its entire forward edge forward of the escape opening; it is not attached on the sides beyond the row of meshes that lies 6 inches behind the posterior edge of the grid; and it does not extend more than 24 inches beyond the posterior edge of the grid, except for boats fishing with a hard TED with the position of the escape opening at the bottom of the trawl when the trawl is in its deployed position, in which case the webbing flap must not extend beyond the posterior edge of the grid.

(iv)

Chafing webbing. A single piece of nylon webbing, with a twine size no smaller than size 36 (2.46 mm in diameter), may be attached outside of the escape opening webbing flap to prevent chafing on bottom opening TEDs. This webbing may be attached along its leading edge only. This webbing may not extend beyond the trailing edge or sides of the existing escape opening webbing flap, and it must not interfere or otherwise restrict the turtle escape opening.

(v)

Roller gear. Roller gear may be attached to the bottom of a TED to prevent chafing on the bottom of the TED and the trawl net. When a webbing flap is used in conjunction with roller gear, the webbing flap must be of a length such that no part of the webbing flap can touch or come in contact with any part of the roller gear assembly or the means of attachment of the roller gear assembly to the TED, when the trawl net is in its normal, horizontal position. Roller gear must be constructed according to one of the following design criteria:

(I)

A single roller consisting of hard plastic shall be mounted on an axle rod, so that the roller can roll freely about the axle. The maximum diameter of the roller shall be 6 inches, and the maximum width of the axle rod shall be 12 inches. The axle rod must be attached to the TED by two support rods. The maximum clearance between the roller and the TED shall not exceed 1 inch at the center of the roller. The support rods and axle rod must be made from solid steel or solid aluminum rod no larger than 1/2 inch in diameter. The attachment of the support rods to the TED shall be such that there are no protrusions (lips, sharp edges, burrs, etc.) on the front face of the grid. The axle rod and support rods must lie entirely behind the plane of the face of the TED grid.

(II)

A single roller consisting of hard plastic tubing shall be tightly tied to the back face of the TED grid with rope or heavy twine passed through the center of the roller tubing. The roller shall lie flush against the TED. The maximum outside diameter of the roller shall be 3-1/2 inches, the minimum outside diameter of the roller shall be 2 inches, and the maximum length of the roller shall be 12 inches. The roller must lie entirely behind the plane of the face of the grid.

(g)

[ (e) ] Other aquatic life taken incidental to legal shrimping operations.

(1)

Licensed Commercial Shrimp Boats.

(A)

Other aquatic life taken incidental to legal shrimping operations may not be retained except as provided in these rules. [ The term "legal shrimping operations" is defined as the use of a legal trawl in places, at times, and in manners as authorized by the department ].

(B)

On board a licensed commercial shrimp boat a catch of finfish or other aquatic life, in any combination, may be retained in an amount not to exceed 50% by weight of the total trawl catch of shrimp by weight.

(i)

Within the provision provided in this subparagraph, species regulated by bag and size limits [ under provisions of ] by proclamation of the Parks and Wildlife Commission may not be retained in numbers in excess of the recreational daily bag limit established for those species , and may not be retained in protected length limits established for those species .

(ii)

From May 1 [ June 1 ] through September 30 of each year, in addition to the provision of subparagraph (B) of this paragraph:

(I)

up to 1,500 live non-game fish, not regulated by bag or size limits, may be retained on board a licensed commercial bait-shrimp boat for bait purposes only; and

(II)

up to 3,600 (300 dozen) Atlantic cutlassfish (Trichiurus lepturus) (also known as ribbonfish) may be retained on board a licensed commercial bait-shrimp boat for bait purposes only.

[ (III)

The provisions of this clause will expire September 1, 2001.]

(2)

Non-commercial shrimping. A person using an individual bait shrimp trawl for non-commercial purposes may retain for bait purposes only up to 200 non-game fish, not regulated by bag or size limits.

§58.161.Shrimping in Outside Waters.

(a)

Gulf net restrictions.

(1)

Except as otherwise provided in this section, no trawls may have a mesh size smaller than 8-3/4 inches in length between the two most widely separated knots in any consecutive series of five stretched meshes after the trawl has been used.

(2)

Except as otherwise provided in this section, the presence of a shrimp trawl (excluding doors) not stored within the confines of the hull of a vessel in outside water during the closed periods provided by subsection (d) of this section is prima facie evidence of a violation of this section.

(3)

In outside waters of more than seven fathoms, an electro-trawl having an applied voltage of no more than three volts may be used for taking shrimp. From December 1, 2000 and thereafter, In outside waters beyond 5 nautical miles, an electro-trawl having an applied voltage of no more than three volts may be used for taking shrimp.

(4)

There are no restrictions on the number of trawls that may be used in outside waters except as provided in this section ; from December 1, 2000 and thereafter, no more than 2 trawls may be used in outside waters in that portion of the Northern Shrimp Zone from the shoreline out to 5 nautical miles.

(5)

Beginning December 1, 2000 and thereafter, except as otherwise provided in this section, in that portion of the Northern Shrimp Zone from the shoreline out to 5 nautical miles, the main trawl:

(A)

must have doors at least 3 feet long as measured along the door centerline from leading tip to the trailing edge of the door; and

(B)

must not exceed any of the following dimensions, as measured along an uninterrupted corkline from leading tip of door to leading tip of door including any and all add-on devices or attachments to the corkline:

Figure 1: 31 TAC §58.161(a)(5)(B)

(b)

Bag and possession limits. During the gulf open season there are no bag and possession limits on shrimp.

(c)

Size limits. Shrimp of any size may be retained when caught lawfully in the outside waters.

(d)

Gulf shrimping seasons. The outside waters are open to shrimping except:

(1)

From December 1, 2000 and thereafter, that portion of the Southern Shrimp Zone from the shoreline out to 5 nautical miles is closed to shrimping throughout the year.

(2)

[ (1) ] Night: the outside waters within seven fathoms are closed to night shrimping (30 minutes after sunset to 30 minutes before sunrise) throughout the year ; from December 1, 2000 and thereafter, that portion of the Northern Shrimp Zone from the shoreline out to 5 nautical miles is closed to night shrimping (30 minutes after sunset to 30 minutes before sunrise) .

(3)

[ (2) ] Summer closed season:

(A)

The outside waters are closed from 30 minutes after sunset on May 15 to 30 minutes after sunset July 15.

(B)

The commission may change the opening and closing dates to provide an earlier, later, or longer season not to exceed 75 days.

(C)

The department will provide 72 hours public notice prior to a change in the closing date, and 24 hours public notice prior to reopening the season.

(4)

[ (3) ] Winter closed season: the outside waters up to and including seven fathoms are closed from December 1 through February 15 [ December 16 through February 1 ] the following year, unless taking seabobs. From December 1, 2000 and thereafter, the outside waters in that portion of the Northern Shrimp Zone from the shoreline out to 5 nautical miles are closed from December 1 through February 15 the following year unless taking seabobs.

(5)

[ (4) ] Seabob season:

(A)

Seabobs may be taken:

(i)

during daylight hours only (30 minutes before sunrise to 30 minutes after sunset);

(ii)

during the gulf open season; and

(iii)

during the winter closed season.

(B)

No person catching seabobs may catch or have on board a boat any other species of shrimp which exceed 10%, in weight or number, of the entire catch.

(C)

Not more than one trawl may be used for taking seabobs.

(D)

Trawl restrictions for taking seabobs:

(i)

Trawl width may not exceed any of the following dimensions, as measured along an uninterrupted corkline from leading tip of door including any and all add-on devices or attachments to the corkline [ 25 feet as measured along the corkline from board to board or between extremes of any other spreading device. ].

Figure 2: 31 TAC §58.161(d)(5)(D)(i)

(ii)

Mesh size: trawls used for seabobs must have a mesh size of 6 1/2 inches in length between the two most widely separated knots in a consecutive series of five stretched meshes after the trawl has been used [ there are no mesh size restrictions for the take of seabobs ].

(E)

Beginning December 1, 2000 and thereafter, seabobs may be taken in the Northern Shrimp Zone and in the Southern Shrimp Zone outside of 5 nautical miles, and under the provisions of subparagraph (A) (i) - (ii) of this paragraph.

§58.163.Shrimping in Inside Waters - Commercial Bay Shrimping

(a)

General rules.

(1)

Open waters - commercial bay shrimp boats may shrimp only in major bays.

(2)

It is unlawful for any person:

(A)

aboard a vessel licensed as a commercial bay shrimp boat to off-load, transfer, sell, or barter any amount of live or dead shrimp to a person aboard another vessel; or

(B)

aboard a vessel to off-load, transfer, purchase or barter from a person aboard a vessel licensed as a commercial bay shrimp boat any amount of live or dead shrimp.

(b)

Spring open season.

(1)

The spring open season extends from May 15 through July 15 in major bays only.

(2)

Legal shrimping hours: 30 minutes before sunrise to 2:00 p.m.

(3)

Bag and possession limits: No more than 600 pounds of whole shrimp per day may be taken or possessed on board.

(4)

Size limits: Shrimp of any size may be retained when caught lawfully during spring open season in inside waters. From December 1, 2000 and thereafter, the legal shrimp count is 100 heads on per pound.

(5)

Net restrictions.

(A)

Try nets.

(i)

A trawl used as a try net may not exceed 21 feet in total width.

(ii)

Try net trawl doors or boards may not exceed 450 square inches each.

(iii)

A beam trawl used as a try net may not exceed ten feet in width.

(B)

Main trawl:

(i)

must have doors at least three feet long as measured along the door centerline from leading tip to the trailing edge of the door; and

(ii)

must not exceed any of the following dimensions, as measured along an uninterrupted corkline from leading tip of door to leading tip of door including any and all add-on devices or attachments to the corkline:

Figure 1: 31 TAC §58.163(b)(5)(B)(ii)

(C)

A beam trawl used as a main trawl may not exceed 25 feet in total width.

(D)

Mesh size may not be less than 6 1/2 inches in length between the two most widely separated knots in any consecutive series of five stretched meshes after the trawl has been used. From September 1, 2001 and thereafter mesh size may not be less than 7-1/2 inches in length between the two most widely separated knots in any consecutive series of five stretched meshes after the trawl has been used.

(c)

Fall open season.

(1)

The fall open season extends from August 15 through November 30 [ December 15 ] in major bays only.

(2)

Legal shrimping hours: 30 minutes before sunrise to 30 minutes after sunset.

(3)

Bag and possession limits are not restricted.

(4)

Size limits:

(A)

From August 15 through October 31, the legal shrimp count is 50 heads on per pound.

(B)

From November 1 through December 15 there are no count or size requirements.

(C)

Effective beginning December 1, 2000 and thereafter, the legal shrimp count is 100 heads-on shrimp per pound from November 1 through November 30.

(5)

Net restrictions.

(A)

Try nets.

(i)

A trawl used as a try net may not exceed 21 feet in total width.

(ii)

Try net trawl doors or boards may not exceed 450 square inches each.

(iii)

A beam trawl used as a try net may not exceed ten feet in width.

(B)

Main trawl may not exceed 95 feet in total width.

(C)

Mesh size in the main trawl:

(i)

Mesh size may not be less than 8 3/4 inches in length between the two most widely separated knots in any consecutive series of five stretched meshes after the trawl has been used, EXCEPT:

(ii)

from November 1 through December 15, mesh size may not be less than 6 1/2 inches in length between the two most widely separated knots in any consecutive series of five stretched meshes after the trawl has been used.

(iii)

from September 1, 2001 and thereafter, mesh size may not be less than 8 3/4 inches in length between the two most widely separated knots in any consecutive series of five stretched meshes after the trawl has been used.

(d)

Winter open season.

(1)

The winter open season extends from February 1 through April 15 in major bays only [ south of the Colorado River ].

(2)

Legal shrimping hours:

(A)

South of the Colorado River: 30 minutes after sunset to 30 minutes before sunrise;

(B)

North of the Colorado River: 1 a.m. to 30 minutes before sunrise.

(3)

Bag and possession limits are not restricted.

(4)

Size limits: Shrimp of any size may be retained when caught lawfully during winter open season in inside waters.

(5)

Net restrictions.

(A)

Try nets.

(i)

A trawl used as a try net may not exceed 21 feet in total width.

(ii)

Try net trawl doors or boards may not exceed 450 square inches each.

(iii)

A beam trawl used as a try net may not exceed ten feet in width.

(B)

Main trawl:

(i)

must have doors at least three feet long as measured along the door centerline from leading tip to the trailing edge of the door; and

(ii)

must not exceed any of the following dimensions, as measured along an uninterrupted corkline from leading tip of door to leading tip of door including any and all add-on devices or attachments to the corkline:

Figure 2: 31 TAC §58.163(d)(5)(B)(ii)

(C)

A beam trawl used as a main trawl may not exceed 25 feet in total width.

(D)

Mesh size may not be less than 6 1/2 inches in length between the two most widely separated knots in any consecutive series of five stretched meshes after the trawl has been placed in use. From September 1, 2001 and thereafter mesh size may not be less than 7 1/2 inches in length between the two most widely separated knots in any consecutive series of five stretched meshes after the trawl has been placed in use.

§58.164.Shrimping in Inside Waters - Commercial Bait Shrimping

(a)

General rules.

(1)

A person who has on board or displays a commercial bait-shrimp boat license must operate only under the bait-shrimp rules of this section.

(2)

Open waters: commercial bait shrimp boats may shrimp only in bait bays and major bays, except as otherwise provided in this subchapter.

(3)

It is unlawful for any person:

(A)

aboard a vessel licensed as a commercial bait-shrimp boat to off-load, transfer, sell, or barter any amount of live or dead shrimp, except an amount of live or dead shrimp not to exceed two quarts per sport fisherman or one gallon (by volume) for two or more sport fishermen may be off-loaded, transferred, sold or bartered to a person aboard a sport fishing vessel; or

(B)

aboard a vessel to off-load, transfer, purchase, or barter from a person aboard a vessel licensed as a commercial bait-shrimp boat any amount of live or dead shrimp, except a person aboard a sport fishing vessel may off-load, transfer, purchase, or barter an amount of live or dead shrimp not to exceed two quarts per sport fisherman or one gallon (by volume) for two or more sport fishermen.

(b)

Commercial bait-shrimp season.

(1)

Commercial bait-shrimp season is open year-round.

(2)

Legal shrimping hours.

(A)

From August 15 through March 31 legal shrimping hours are 30 minutes before sunrise 30 minutes after sunset.

(B)

From April 1 through August 14 legal shrimping hours are 30 minutes before sunrise to 2:00 p.m.

(C)

In the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway between markers 17 and 57 in the Laguna Madre in Nueces County, bait-shrimp may be taken only from 1:00 a.m. to 30 minutes before sunrise each day.

(c)

Bag and possession limits.

(1)

No more than 200 pounds of whole shrimp per day may be taken or possessed on board.

(2)

[ At least 50% of the on-board catch must be kept in a live condition, except during the period August 16 through November 14. ]

[ (3) ]

All shrimp on board must have heads attached.

(d)

Size limits Size limits: Shrimp of any size may be retained when caught lawfully during commercial bait-shrimp operations in inside waters. From December 1, 2000 and thereafter, the legal shrimp count is 100 heads-on shrimp per pound.

(e)

Net restrictions.

(1)

Try nets.

(A)

A trawl used as a try net may not exceed 12 feet in total width.

(B)

Try net trawl doors or boards may not exceed 450 square inches each.

(C)

A beam trawl used as a try net may not exceed five feet in width.

(2)

Main trawl:

(A)

must have doors at least three feet long as measured along the door centerline from leading tip to the trailing edge of the door; and

(B)

must not exceed any of the following dimensions, as measured along an uninterrupted corkline from leading tip of door to leading tip of door including any and all add-on devices or attachments to the corkline:

Figure 1: 31 TAC §58.164(e)(2)(B)

(C)

A beam trawl used as a main trawl may not exceed 25 feet in total width.

(3)

Mesh size may not be less than 6 1/2 inches in length between the two most widely separated knots in any consecutive series of five stretched meshes after the trawl has been placed in use.

(4)

In the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway between markers 17 and 57 (as indicated on the most current United States Coastal Survey Charts on the effective date of these rules) in the Laguna Madre in Nueces County, bait-shrimp may be taken with a legal beam trawl only.

§58.165.Non-commercial (recreational) Shrimping

(a)

General rules.

(1)

It is unlawful for any person:

(A)

to take or attempt to take non-commercial shrimp in coastal waters by any means except an individual bait-shrimp trawl, cast net, or minnow seine not larger than 20 feet in length that is manually operated without the use of any mechanical means or devices;

(B)

to buy, sell, offer for sale, or handle in any way for profit non-commercial shrimp caught with an individual bait-shrimp trawl, cast net, or minnow seine not larger than 20 feet; or

(C)

to possess or have on board more than one individual bait-shrimp trawl.

(2)

Net restrictions - Individual bait-shrimp trawls.

(A)

Trawls may not exceed 20 feet in width as measured between the doors and along the uninterrupted corkline, including any and all add-on devices or attachments to the corkline.

(B)

Trawl doors or boards may not exceed 450 square inches each.

(C)

Mesh size may not be less than 8 3/4 inches in length between the two most widely separated knots in any consecutive series of five stretched meshes after the trawl has been placed in use.

(b)

Shrimping for personal use and bait - Outside waters.

(1)

Open waters - the outside waters are open to shrimping except:

(A)

Night: the outside waters within seven fathoms are closed to night shrimping (30 minutes after sunset to 30 minutes before sunrise) throughout the year ; from December 1, 2000 and thereafter, that portion of the Northern Shrimp Zone from the shoreline out to 5 nautical miles is closed to night shrimping (30 minutes after sunset to 30 minutes before sunrise).

(B)

From December 1, 2000 and thereafter, that portion of the Southern Shrimp Zone from the shoreline out to 5 nautical miles is closed to shrimping throughout the year.

(C)

[ (B) ] Summer closed season.

(i)

The outside waters are closed from 30 minutes after sunset on May 15 to 30 minutes after sunset July 15.

(ii)

The commission may change the opening and closing dates to provide an earlier, later, or longer season not to exceed 75 days.

(iii)

The department will provide 72 hours public notice prior to a change in the closing date, and 24 hours public notice prior to reopening the season.

(D)

[ (C) ] Winter closed season: the outside waters up to and including seven fathoms are closed from December 1 through February 15 [ December 16 through February 1 ] the following year ; from December 1, 2000 and thereafter, the outside waters in that portion of the Northern Shrimp Zone from the shoreline out to 5 nautical miles are closed from December 1 through February 15 the following year.

(2)

Bag and possession limits.

(A)

Personal use: No more than 100 pounds of shrimp (in their natural state with heads attached) per day may be taken or possessed on board.

(B)

Bait: No more than two quarts of shrimp (in their natural state with heads attached) per person or four quarts of shrimp per boat may be on board or possessed.

(3)

Size limits: shrimp of any size may be retained when caught lawfully in the outside waters.

(c)

Shrimping for personal use - Inside waters.

(1)

Open waters. Major bays only are open to taking of shrimp for food for personal use.

(2)

Spring open season.

(A)

The spring open season extends from May 15 through July 15.

(B)

Legal shrimping hours: 30 minutes before sunrise to 2:00 p.m.

(C)

Bag and possession limits: No more than 15 pounds of shrimp (in their natural state with heads attached) per person per day may be taken or possessed on board.

(D)

Size limits: Shrimp of any size may be retained when caught lawfully during spring open season in inside waters. From December 1, 2000 and thereafter the legal shrimp count is 100 heads on per pound.

(3)

Fall open season.

(A)

The fall open season extends from August 15 through November 30 [ December 15 ].

(B)

Legal shrimping hours: 30 minutes before sunrise to 30 minutes after sunset.

(C)

Bag and possession limits: No more than 15 pounds of shrimp (in their natural state with heads attached) per person per day may be taken or possessed on board.

(D)

Size limits. :

(i)

From August 15 through October 31, the legal shrimp count is 50 heads on per pound.

(ii)

From November 1 through December 15 there are no count or size requirements.

(iii)

Effective beginning December 1, 2000 and thereafter, the legal shrimp count is 100 heads on per pound from November 1 through November 30.

(d)

Shrimping for bait - Inside waters.

(1)

Open waters: Bait bays and major bays only are open to taking of shrimp for bait.

(2)

Non-commercial bait-shrimp season. Bait bays and major bays are open year-round for non-commercial bait shrimping.

(3)

Legal shrimping hours.

(A)

From August 15 through March 31 legal shrimping hours are 30 minutes before sunrise to 30 minutes after sunset.

(B)

From April 1 through August 14 legal shrimping hours are 30 minutes before sunrise to 2:00 p.m.

(4)

Bag and possession limits: No more than two quarts of shrimp (in their natural state with heads attached) per person or four quarts of shrimp per boat may be on board or possessed.

(5)

Size limits: Shrimp of any size may be retained when caught lawfully for bait in the in inside waters. From December 1, 2000, the legal shrimp count is 100 heads on per pound.

This agency hereby certifies that the proposal has been reviewed by legal counsel and found to be within the agency's legal authority to adopt.

Filed with the Office of the Secretary of State, on July 3, 2000.

TRD-200004603

Gene McCarty

Chief of Staff

Texas Parks and Wildlife Department

Earliest possible date of adoption: August 13, 2000

For further information, please call: (512) 389-4775