TITLE examining-boards

Part XXXVIII. Texas Midwifery Board

Chapter 831. Midwifery

With the approval of the Texas Board of Health, the Texas Midwifery Board (board) adopts new §§831.11, 831.31, 831.101, and 831.161 concerning the documentation and regulation of midwives. Specifically, the sections cover Annual Documentation; Education; Administration of Oxygen; and Complaint Review. Sections 831.11, 831.31, 831.101, and 831.161 are adopted with changes to the proposed text as published in the January 1, 1999, issue of the Texas Register (24 TexReg 36).

Effective December 1, 1998, the Midwifery Program and the Midwifery Board were administratively transferred from the Texas Department of Health (department), Women's Health Division, to the Professional Licensing and Certification Division of the department. The rules were located in 25 Texas Administrative Code (TAC), and the department adopted the repeal of 25 TAC §§37.175, 37.178, and 37.180 in order that the new sections may be adopted by the Texas Midwifery Board, which is listed as an independent board under 22 TAC. The repeal of 25 TAC §§37.175, 37.178, and 37.180 can be found in this same issue of the Texas Register in the Adopted Rules section.

The new sections implement the applicable provisions of the Texas Midwifery Act (the Act), Texas Civil Statutes, Article 4512i, §8A(b), which authorizes the board to adopt rules concerning documentation and educational requirements for midwives; processing of complaints concerning midwives; and any additional rules necessary to implement any duty imposed by the Act, subject to the approval of the Texas Board of Health.

New §831.11 establishes procedures for documentation by reciprocity; prescribes conditions for denial, revocation, suspension or surrender of documentation; and establishes standards for documentation of persons with criminal convictions and for documentation after revocation, suspension, or surrender. New §831.31 establishes procedures for approving, denying, or revoking approval of midwifery basic education and continuing education courses; establishes an approved comprehensive midwifery exam and procedures for approval, denial, or revocation of approval for other comprehensive exams; and establishes procedures for the investigation and disposition of complaints concerning currently approved courses or exams. New §831.101 establishes procedures for the intrapartum and postpartum administration of oxygen by midwives. New §831.161 establishes procedures for complaint investigation and disposition; categories of complaints; and disciplinary sanctions, including revocation of documentation and administrative penalties.

Minor editorial changes were made to improve the accuracy of the sections.

The following comments were received concerning the proposed sections. Following each comment is the board's response and any resulting change(s).

Comment: Concerning §831.11(d)(2)(A), several commentors stated that reference to Athe American College of Nurse Midwifery (ACNM) exam" should be deleted. The commentors emphasized that the ACNM Core Competencies upon which this exam is based are inconsistent with the Midwives Alliance of North America (MANA) Core Competencies upon which approved basic midwifery education courses in Texas must be based, and that the type of practice for which the ACNM exam is designed to ensure competency is incompatible with the current standards of practice for documented midwives in Texas.

Response: The board agrees and has amended the section accordingly.

Comment: Concerning §831.11(d)(2)(A), one commentor stated that the reference to Athe American College of Nurse Midwifery (ACNM) exam@ should be deleted as unnecessary at this time, becasue no school located in Texas currently offers training leading to certified midwife (CM) status, and there are only seven ACNM CMs in the United States.

Response: The board agrees and has amended the section accordingly.

Comment: Concerning §831.11(d)(2)(A), several other commentors suggested that the reference to Athe American College of Nurse Midwifery (ACNM) exam@ should be deleted as unnecessary because a CM who wishes to practice in Texas may become a Certified Professional Midwife (CPM) by meeting the requirements of the North American Registry of Midwives (NARM). One commentor also pointed out that NARM has established a relatively inexpensive mechanism for certification of CMs as CPMs.

Response: The board agrees and has amended the section accordingly.

Comment: Concerning §831.11(d)(2)(A), one commentor supported inclusion of language to authorize approval of a CM course as a basic midwifery education course, and suggested that the section should also refer to the ACNM Core Competencies.

Response: The board disagrees and has deleted the reference to "the American College of Nurse Midwifery (ACNM) exam" as unnecessary.

Comment: Concerning §831.11(d)(2)(A), one commentor asked that the language be clarified to show who had Aapproved@ a basic midwifery education course.

Response: The board agrees and has amended the section by adding the phrase, Aapproved by the Midwifery Board@.

Comment: Concerning §831.11(d)(2)(A), several commentors stated that the AACNM exam@ should properly be called Athe ACNM Certification Council, Inc. (ACC) exam@, because it is administered by the ACNM Certification Council, Inc. (ACC).

Response: The board acknowledges the clarification, but the complete reference to the "ACNM exam" has been deleted as unnecessary. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.11(d)(2), several commentors requested that the board retain the power to waive compliance with this requirement for initial documentation based upon an applicant's petition showing good cause. The commenters added that reciprocity through NARM is becoming much more expensive, and stated that some states such as Florida utilize portions of the NARM process for licensing or credentialing midwives, but do not require the CPM.

Response: The board disagrees with the commentors. The board believes that national midwifery certification provides a high, consistent, and fair standard and should remain the only alternate route to initial documentation in Texas for midwives trained out of state. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.11(d)(2)(A), one commentor suggested that midwives certified by the ACNM Certification Council should be allowed to practice in Texas by presenting evidence of that certification. The commentor suggested the section should be amended as follows: Acertification by NARM as a certified professional midwife (CPM) or by ACC as a certified midwife (CM) and completion of a continuing education course . . . .A.

Response: The board disagrees because the education and training of a CM is very different from the education and training appropriate to the scope of practice afforded a documented midwife in Texas. Any CM who wishes to practice in Texas should do so by becoming a CPM. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.11(d)(2), one commentor praised the rules for not including CM certification, describing the ACNM Core Competencies as neither adequate nor appropriate for home birth practice.

Response: The board acknowledges the comment and will require a CM seeking documentation in Texas to become a CPM.

Comment: Concerning §831.11(d)(6), one commentor suggested that the initial documentation fee should be payable in quarterly installments because midwives also must pay the cost of the CPM application process or a continuing education course, in addition to the fee for the NARM written exam.

Response: The board disagrees because the Texas Midwifery Act requires individuals to apply annually by submitting an application and annual documentation fee set by the Midwifery Board. The Act does not authorize quarterly installment payments. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.11(e), one commentor suggested that midwives should be allowed to document for a two-year period, rather than annually.

Response: The board disagrees because the Texas Midwifery Act, §13, mandates annual documentation. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.11(e), several commentors stated that the rules should authorize the board to temporarily exempt a midwife from one or more of the requirements for redocumentation, including continuing education, CPR certification, and neonatal resuscitation certification. The commentors described one midwife documented in Texas who is currently doing missionary work in a remote area in Africa where no CPR or neonatal resuscitation courses are available as an example of the need for this change.

Response: The board disagrees because the Midwifery Act, §10, does not authorize the board to exempt applicants for redocumentation from the requirements for CPR certification and, by extension, neonatal resuscitation. However, the board does not believe temporary exemption of applicants from redocumentation requirements is necessary, even if legally permissible, because the requirements apply only to midwives practicing in Texas. No change was made as a result of the comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.11(e)(2), a commentor stated that the rules should afford midwives the option of obtaining 30 hours of continuing midwifery education every three years in addition to obtaining 10 hours per year.

Response: The board disagrees. Based on past experience, the board believes that a significant number of midwives will wait until the third year and then rush to complete their continuing education. Tracking continuing education hours over a three-year period, particularly for those midwives who subsequently allow their documentation to lapse, would also constitute an unnecessary administrative burden. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.11(e)(2), one commentor stated that recertification as a CPM should be accepted for credit as continuing education hours.

Response: The board disagrees. Options otherwise available to midwives seeking NARM recertification include obtaining 30 hours of continuing education over a three-year period, which would contradict §831.11(e)(2). No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.11(e)(5), commentor suggested that a sliding fee scale should be established for midwives who work in Texas for only a few weeks each year. The commenter added that some out-of-state midwives come to Texas annually to provide relief (e.g., in birthing centers), but do not regularly practice midwifery in the state.

Response: The board disagrees. The legal and administrative requirements for documentation are not affected by the amount of time a midwife practices in Texas or the number of clients attended per year. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.11(h)(1)(B), one commentor suggested adding Aor the current ACNM Core Competencies and Standards of Practice.@

Response: The board disagrees because the education and training of a CM is very different from the education and training appropriate to the scope of practice afforded a documented midwife in Texas, and would not constitute appropriate midwifery continuing education for the purposes of this section. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.11(i)(12), one commentor stated that the phrase Ademonstrated lack of personal or professional character@ is too vague and should be specifically defined.

Response: The board disagrees. "Demonstrated lack of personal or professional character" constitutes a legally valid basis for disciplinary action against a documented midwife without specifically listing each type of conduct. However, the board may not take disciplinary action in any case unless Texas Department of Health's Licensing and Certification Division has presented sufficient evidence to substantiate a violation. No change has been made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.31(e)(1), one commentor suggested deleting Ain Texas.@

Response: The board disagrees and will not accept applications for approval from basic midwifery education courses located outside the State of Texas. The appropriate route to documentation in Texas for midwives trained at out-of-state schools is through completion of a national midwifery certification process. No change has been made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.31(e)(2)(C)(i), one commenter suggested that in order to facilitate the establishment of an ACNM-accredited (CM) training program for certified midwives in Texas at some future date, the section should be amended as follows: A. . . (MANA) or the ACNM Core Competencies and Standards of Practice and the current Texas Midwifery Basic Information Manual@.

Response: The board disagrees because the ACNM Core Competencies and Standards of Practice are very different from the MANA Core Competencies and Standards of Practice, and thus are not appropriate to the scope of practice afforded a documented midwife in Texas. The Midwifery Board should not regulate an ACNM-accredited training program for certified midwives due to these differences. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.31(e)(2)(C)(ii), one commenter suggested that in order to facilitate the establishment of an ACNM-accredited training program for certified midwives in Texas at some future date, the section should be amended as follows: A. . . (NARM) or the ACNM Certification Council, Inc. (ACC); and;A.

Response: The board disagrees because the ACNM Core Competencies and Standards of Practice are very different from the MANA Core Competencies and Standards of Practice, and thus are not appropriate to the scope of practice afforded a documented midwife in Texas. The board should not regulate an ACNM-accredited training program for certified midwives due to these differences. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.31(e)(2)(C)(ii), one commentor stated that the section does not describe how a school's ability to prepare a student to become certified by NARM will be assessed. The commentor suggested that a school's assessment should reflect student performance on the NARM written exam.

Response: The board agrees that a school's performance must be assessed as a part of the course approval process, but disagrees that this level of specificity is required in rule. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.31(e)(2)(D)(ii), one commentor suggested that the clause should be amended to enable nurse-midwives to serve as course supervisors for basic midwifery education courses.

Response: The board's use of the word Amidwifery@ was originally intended to include nurse-midwives. The board agrees that a certified nurse-midwife would be an appropriately trained person to supervise a basic midwifery education course, and has amended the section accordingly.

Comment: Concerning §831.31(e)(2)(F), one commenter suggested that in order to facilitate the establishment of an ACNM-accredited training program for certified midwives in Texas at some future date, the section should be amended as follows: A... certified by NARM or the ACNM Certification Council, Inc. (ACC), including successful completion . . . ".

Response: The board disagrees because the ACNM Core Competencies and Standards of Practice are very different from the MANA Core Competencies and Standards of Practice, and thus are not appropriate to the scope of practice afforded a documented midwife in Texas. The board should not regulate an ACNM-accredited training program for certified midwives due to these differences. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.31(e)(2)(F), one commentor stated that the proposed wording appears to make the school rather than the student responsible for securing a preceptor, and that some problematic students may be difficult to integrate into midwifery practice. The commentor suggested amending the section to require only that schools must Aoffer@ or Amake available@ rather than "provide" clinical experience/preceptorship.

Response: The board acknowledges that some students will encounter difficulties entering midwifery practice but believes that the school should be responsible for providing the required clinical experience. Any difficulties presented by problematic students should be addressed through individual school policy. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.31(e)(2)(F), one commentor suggested that a minimum number of hours should be prescribed for the completion of clinical course work, in keeping with the NARM Position Statement on AEducational Requirements for the Certified Professional Midwife (CPM)@ which requires that the clinical component be at least one year in duration, the equivalent to at least 1360 clinical contact hours under the supervision of a preceptor(s).

Response: The board agrees and has amended the section accordingly.

Comment: Concerning §831.31(e)(2)(G), one commentor stated that certified nurse midwives or physicians should serve as preceptors only if there is no midwife with a home birth practice available.

Response: The board disagrees. Administrators of basic midwifery education courses should be able to select physicians, certified nurse midwives, certified professional midwives, or documented midwives to serve as preceptors. The commentor's concern about home birth is addressed by §831.31(e)(2)(F)(ii), which requires each student to complete at least 10 out-of-hospital births as the primary midwife under supervision. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.31(e)(2)(G), one commentor stated that Acertified midwives@ should be added.

Response: The board disagrees. Since Acertified midwives@ are not authorized to practice midwifery in Texas unless they are already Adocumented midwives@, the proposed amendment is unnecessary. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.31(e)(2)(G)(i), one commentor stated that documented midwives serving as preceptors should meet the same standards as preceptors described in the NARM Position Statement on AEducational Requirements for the Certified Professional Midwife (CPM)@; i.e., practice as a primary attendant without supervision for a minimum of 50 out-of-hospital births, and a minimum of three years.

Response: The board disagrees. Adoption of the higher standard would impose an unnecessary hardship on some midwives in rural areas, who might not be able to find a preceptor locally with the requisite experience. Retaining the current language would not, however, preclude an education course from imposing more stringent requirements upon preceptors approved by the course, such as those for CPM preceptors. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concering §831.31(e)(4)(A)(ii), one commentor stated that a course curriculum should also be required to include content references to Athe NARM Written Test Specifications@ to assure that the course adequately prepares a student to become certified as a CPM. The commentor stated that this must have been an inadvertent omission, as the ANARM Skills Test Specifications@ are already included. The commentor also stated that perhaps the NARM AWritten Examination Primary Reference List@ and AWritten Examination Secondary Reference List@ should also be added to assure that all appropriate subjects were covered.

Response: The board agrees that specific content references to "the NARM Written Test Specifications" should be required and has amended the section accordingly. However, the board disagrees that initial applications for course approval should be required to include specific content references to the NARM References Lists. Since all the books on those lists are in English, such a requirement would also present a barrier to a person seeking approval for a course taught in Spanish.

Comment: Concerning §831.31(e)(4)(A)(ii)(I), one commenter suggested that in order to facilitate the establishment of an ACNM-accredited training program for certified midwives in Texas at some future date, the section should be amended as follows: "MANA Core Competencies or ACNM Core Competencies."

Response: The board disagrees because the ACNM Core Competencies and Standards of Practice are very different from the MANA Core Competencies and Standards of Practice, and thus are not appropriate to the scope of practice afforded a documented midwife in Texas. The board should not regulate an ACNM-accredited training program for certified midwives due to these differences. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.31(e)(6), a commentor stated that course approval by reciprocity should also be available for a course currently accredited by the ACNM's Division of Accreditation if the amendment would allow midwives who have met all other requirements to practice in Texas. The commentor stated that if certified midwives who have completed ACNM-accredited education programs outside of Texas would remain ineligible for documentation by the board, other sections of the rules should be amended to permit this change.

Response: The board intended to exempt courses, such as those certified by MEAC, which already meet or exceed the board's requirements for approval. The board disagrees with the proposed revision because the ACNM Core Competencies and Standards of Practice are very different from the MANA Core Competencies and Standards of Practice, and thus are not appropriate to the scope of practice afforded a documented midwife in Texas. The board therefore declines to approve ACNM-accredited CM training programs located in or out of state by reciprocity. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.31(f)(1)(A)(iv), one commentor asked why an applicant for comprehensive exam approval should be required to provide references to the MANA Core Competencies included in the exam.

Response: Requiring references to the MANA Core Competencies allows the board's Education Committee to better evaluate any exam submitted for approval. The content of the exam will be more clearly correlated to the content of approved basic midwifery education courses in Texas.

Comment: Concerning §831.31(f)(1)(A)(iv), one commentor suggested that approval of comprehensive examinations based on the ACNM Core Competencies should also be permitted.

Response: The board disagrees because the ACNM Core Competencies and Standards of Practice are very different from the MANA Core Competencies and Standards of Practice, and thus are not appropriate to the scope of practice afforded a documented midwife in Texas. The board therefore declines to approve exams based on the ACNM Core Competencies due to these differences. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.101 in general, one commentor stated that the section should be amended to permit administration of oxygen to the mother via nasal cannula at 3-4 liters/minute.

Response: The board disagrees because administration of oxygen to a mother or infant in distress is more efficient by mask than by nasal cannula. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.101 in general, one commentor stated that the section should be amended to permit administration of oxygen to the mother only when the mother is positioned on her left side.

Response: The board disagrees. The commentor provided no reason for the proposed amendment, and the board generally considers this degree of specificity unnecessary. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.101 in general, several commenters stated that in order to administer oxygen in accordance with the guidelines suggested in these rules, midwives must procure not only oxygen but also the supplies necessary to administer it. The commenters added that some suppliers have refused to sell supplies to midwives, citing a lack of specific authority.

Response: The board agrees that Subchapter D should be amended to clarify midwives' authority to purchase and possess supplies for the administration of oxygen. New §831.101(d) has been added which authorizes midwives to purchase the equipment and supplies listed in the American Heart Association Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Guidelines and the American Academy of Pediatrics Neonatal Resuscitation Guidelines for the administration of oxygen.

Comment: Concerning §831.101(c)(1), several commentors stated that the section should be amended to permit administration of oxygen to the mother for "comfort", for a "tired mom", or "to calm the mother".

Response: The board disagrees. Midwives who choose to administer oxygen to a mother in labor should do so only while assessing for consultation, possible transfer, or transport. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.101(c)(2)(A), several commentors stated that the section is unclear, inconsistent with American Academy of Pediatrics certification in Neonatal Resuscitation guidelines, and should be amended accordingly. Specific comments included the assertion that the flow should be 8 liters/minute for a full-term newborn; that the guidelines suggest administration of 5 liters/minute rather than 1-2 liters/minute when resuscitating a newborn; that oxygen should be available to "pink up" the baby; and that "while monitoring in accordance with the standards" should be added to this section. One commentor stated that the rules should exactly reflect the language used in the Neonatal Resuscitation course to be amended as follows: "to the newborn via free-flow oxygen by mask or oxygen tubing using a cupped hand over the baby's face at a rate of 5 liters, concurrent with American Academy of Pediatrics certification in Neonatal Resuscitation guidelines;...".

Response: The board agrees and has amended §831.101(c)(2) accordingly.

Comment: Concerning §831.101(c)(2)(A), one commentor stated that the section should be amended to specify administration of postpartum oxygen to the newborn via infant or newborn mask.

Response: The board acknowledges the clarification, but the broader scope of the amendment to §831.101(c)(2) makes this change unnecessary.

Comment: Concerning §831.161(c)(1)(B), one commentor expressed concerns about confidentiality if the Complaint Review Committee includes persons who are not members of the Midwifery Board. Two other commentors expressed concerns about liability issues, and another commentor questioned the necessity of paying travel expenses for so many committee members.

Response: The board agrees and has amended the section to address these concerns.

Comment: Concerning §831.161 in general, one commentor stated that a statute of limitations on complaints should be added to the subchapter.

Response: The board agrees and has added new §831.161(d)(2)(C).

Comment: Concerning §831.161 in general, one commentor stated that Subchapter E should be amended to include a time limit on maintenance of complaint files.

Response: The board disagrees. Complaint files are "state records" under Government Code, §441.180(11) and therefore may be destroyed by the department only in accordance with Government Code, §441.187. The board may not adopt rules which authorize a shorter retention period than that specified by the department's approved records retention schedule, and has chosen not to adopt rules specifying a longer retention period. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.161(f)(1)(C), one commentor stated that inclusion of "an alleged violation of the Act and/or rules involving a potential for deception, fraud, or injury to clients or the public" as a complaint category was too vague, because a midwife might be held liable without evidence of actual harm done.

Response: The board disagrees. The Midwifery Program must be able to investigate and act upon complaints alleging violation of the Act and/or rules even if no person has actually suffered harm as a result of the violation. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.161(g)(3), two commentors suggested that Afailure to receive informed consent@ should be added to the section as a specific example of failure to practice midwifery in a manner consistent with public health and safety. One commentor proposed the following specific language: Afailure to give signed informed consent as to conditions in a client's care which is (sic) defined as 'out of the range of normal' , or potentially 'high-risk', according to Texas Standards of Practice.@

Response: The board disagrees, because §831.51(b)(2), Midwifery Practice Standards and Principles, already guarantees the client's right to make an informed choice. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.161(g)(3)(B)(ii), several commentors stated that the term "abandonment" should be defined with more specificity. Some commentors asked how a midwife should discontinue providing midwifery care to a client "immediately before labor" so as to avoid disciplinary action under this section. Other commentors questioned how a midwife could avoid potential disciplinary sanctions for violation of either §831.51, concerning the Midwifery Practice Standards and Principles, or §831.161(g)(3)(B)(ii), concerning abandonment, when confronted with a client in labor who refuses the midwife's attempts to transfer care to another health care provider as required by the standards.

Response: Texas courts define abandonment in reference to a physician's professional responsibilities as the physician's unilateral severance of the professional relationship between the physician and patient without reasonable notice at a time when there still exists the necessity of medical attention. The board accepts this definition as appropriate for midwifery practice, but disagrees that specific examples or practice guidance concerning avoidance of client abandonment by midwives should be included in this rule. If more specific guidance concerning a midwife's responsibilities concerning a client in labor who refuses the midwife's attempts to transfer care to another health care provider are necessary, amendment of §831.51 rather than this section would be appropriate. No change was made as a result of this comment.

Comment: Concerning §831.161(i)(2)(A), one commentor stated that the third sentence, concerning holding a settlement conference whether or not the midwife is present, is confusing because a settlement conference would only be conducted with the midwife present.

Response: The board agrees and has deleted the sentence. The comments on the proposed rules received by the Midwifery Board during the comment period were submitted by individual midwives, by midwifery associations, by the Midwifery Board, by Midwives Alliance of North America (MANA), by the North American Registry of Midwives (NARM), by American College of Nurse-Midwives (ACNM) and by department staff. The commentors were neither for nor against the rules in their entirety; however, they raised questions, offered comments for clarification purposes, and suggested clarifying language concerning specific provisions in the rules.

Subchapter B. Documentation

22 TAC §831.11

The new section is adopted under the Texas Midwifery Act, Texas Civil Statutes, Article 4512i, §8A(b), which provides the board with the authority to adopt rules concerning the practice of midwifery, subject to the approval of the Texas Board of Health.

§831.11. Annual Documentation.

(a)

Purpose. This section details requirements for the annual documentation and redocumentation after revocation, suspension, or the surrender of documentation of midwives in Texas.

(b)

Provisions. This section establishes:

(1)

requirements and procedures for initial documentation;

(2)

requirements and procedures for annual redocumentation;

(3)

conditions for denial, revocation, suspension, or surrender of documentation;

(4)

guidelines for reissuance of documentation after revocation, suspension, or surrender of documentation;

(5)

guidelines for documentation of persons with criminal convictions; and

(6)

a state midwifery roster.

(c)

Applicability. In order for an individual to legally practice midwifery in Texas, she/he must be currently documented with the Midwifery Program. Documentation shall be valid for a period of one year, except for initial documentation. A midwife's initial documentation shall be valid from the date issued until March 1 of the current or following year, whichever occurs first.

(d)

Initial documentation. An individual may apply for documentation as a midwife at any time during the year by submitting the following to the Midwifery Program:

(1)

a completed documentation application form;

(2)

proof of:

(A)

satisfactory completion of a mandatory basic midwifery education course approved by the Midwifery Board and the North American Registry of Midwives (NARM) exam or any other comprehensive exam approved by the Midwifery Board; or

(B)

certified professional midwife (CPM) certification by NARM and satisfactory completion of a continuing education course covering the current Texas Midwifery Basic Information and Instructors Manual;

(3)

proof of current cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) certification for health care providers by the American Heart Association (formerly a C certificate) or equivalent certification for the professional rescuer from the Red Cross;

(4)

proof of current certification for neonatal resuscitation, §§1-4, from the American Academy of Pediatrics, effective March 1, 1999;

(5)

proof of satisfactory completion of training in the collection of newborn screening specimens or an established relationship with another qualified and appropriately credentialed health care provider who has agreed to collect newborn screening specimens on behalf of the applicant; and

(6)

a nonrefundable $200 application fee (payable by cashiers check or money order only). The fee for any application for initial documentation received after September 1 shall be $100 plus $10 per month or part thereof remaining in the documentation period.

(e)

Annual redocumentation. Documented midwives must apply for redocumentation in January each year. Documentation expires March 1. The Midwifery Program will send renewal applications to all documented midwives in December of each year. However, each midwife is solely responsible for compliance with the requirements for redocumentation, and nonreceipt of the renewal application mailed by the Midwifery Program shall not constitute an acceptable excuse for failure to comply. A midwife's application for redocumentation must include the following:

(1)

a completed redocumentation application form;

(2)

proof of completion of at least ten contact hours of approved continuing midwifery education since March 1 of the previous year;

(3)

proof of current CPR certification for health care providers by the American Heart Association (formerly a C certificate) or equivalent certification for the professional rescuer from the Red Cross;

(4)

proof of current certification for neonatal resuscitation, §§1-4, from the American Academy of Pediatrics, effective March 1, 1999; and

(5)

a nonrefundable $200 application fee (payable by cashiers check or money order only).

(f)

Late redocumentation. A midwife who fails to apply for redocumentation by March 1 of a year in which the midwife is currently documented, as evidenced by a valid U.S. Postal Service or recognized commercial carrier postmark, may apply for late redocumentation on or before March 31 of that year. Applications for late redocumentation must include the following:

(1)

each of the items listed in subsection (e) of this section; and

(2)

an additional nonrefundable $75 late filing fee (payable by cashiers check or money order only).

(g)

Redocumentation after interim of less than four years. A midwife originally documented in Texas on or after January 1, 1995, who since that time has not been documented for a period of less than four years may redocument by:

(1)

providing proof of having completed 20 contact hours of approved midwifery continuing education, including a continuing education course covering the current Texas Midwifery Basic Information and Instructor Manual, during the 12 months preceding the application for redocumentation;

(2)

paying the annual documentation fee plus a processing fee of $100; and

(3)

meeting the initial documentation requirements in subsections (d)(1) and (d)(3)-(5) of this section.

(h)

Redocumentation after interim of more than four years. A midwife documented in Texas on or after January 1, 1995, who has not been documented for a period of more than four years may redocument by:

(1)

providing proof of having completed at least 40 contact hours of approved continuing midwifery education within the year preceding the application, which shall be based upon a review of:

(A)

the current Texas Midwifery Basic Information and Instructor Manual; and

(B)

the current Midwives Alliance of North America (MANA) Core Competencies and Standards of Practice;

(2)

paying the annual documentation fee plus a processing fee of $100; and

(3)

meeting the initial documentation requirements in subsections (d)(1) and (d)(3)-(5) of this section.

(i)

Grounds for denial of application for documentation or redocumentation and for disciplinary action. The Midwifery Board may deny an application for initial documentation or redocumentation and may take disciplinary action against any person based upon proof of the following:

(1)

violation of the Act or rules adopted under the Act;

(2)

submission of false or misleading information to the Midwifery Board, the board, or the department;

(3)

conviction of a felony or a misdemeanor involving moral turpitude;

(4)

intemperate use of alcohol or drugs while engaged in the practice of midwifery;

(5)

unprofessional or dishonorable conduct that may reasonably be determined to deceive or defraud the public;

(6)

inability to practice midwifery with reasonable skill and safety because of illness, disability, or psychological impairment;

(7)

judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction that the individual is mentally impaired;

(8)

disciplinary action taken by another jurisdiction affecting the applicant's legal authority to practice midwifery;

(9)

submission of a birth or death certificate known by the individual to be false or fraudulent, or other noncompliance with Health and Safety Code, Chapter 191, or 25 TAC, Chapter 181 (relating to Vital Statistics);

(10)

noncompliance with Health and Safety Code, Chapter 244, or 25 TAC, Chapter 137 (relating to Birthing Centers);

(11)

failure to practice midwifery in a manner consistent with the public health and safety; or

(12)

demonstrated lack of personal or professional character in the practice of midwifery.

(j)

Surrender of documentation.

(1)

A midwife may surrender his or her documentation prior to its expiration for the current period by mailing the original documentation acknowledgment letter back to the Midwifery Program together with a signed statement of his or her intent to surrender same.

(2)

Surrender of documentation by a midwife after receipt of notification from the Midwifery Program that a complaint against the midwife is being investigated shall not deprive the Midwifery Board of jurisdiction in any disciplinary action which may result from said investigation.

(3)

The Midwifery Board may enter any disciplinary order authorized by the Act or this subchapter to resolve a complaint against a midwife who has surrendered his or her documentation after receipt of notification from the Midwifery Program that a complaint is being investigated.

(k)

Redocumentation after disciplinary action or surrender.

(1)

A person whose documentation to practice midwifery in this state has been revoked or suspended by the Midwifery Board or who has surrendered his or her documentation after having received notice that the Midwifery Program is investigating a complaint may not apply for reissuance of documentation until the applicant has complied with all requirements imposed by the Midwifery Board in connection with the revocation, suspension, or surrender. If the Midwifery Board denies the application for reissuance of documentation, an applicant may request a hearing under 25 TAC §§1.51-1.55 (relating to Fair Hearing Procedures). The decision of the hearing examiner shall be final.

(2)

The Midwifery Board may reissue documentation to a midwife who surrendered his or her documentation while an investigation or disciplinary action was pending only if the Midwifery Board finds that:

(A)

the applicant is competent to resume practice; and

(B)

the Midwifery Program has no evidence of current or continuing violations by the applicant of the Act or this subchapter.

(l)

Documentation of persons with criminal conviction.

(1)

The Midwifery Board may refuse to issue documentation to any individual who has been initially convicted of a felony or a misdemeanor involving moral turpitude, or whose probation imposed pursuant to such conviction has been revoked by the court.

(2)

The Midwifery Board shall consider the following factors:

(A)

the nature and seriousness of the crime or the reason the applicant's probation was revoked;

(B)

any relationship between the crime and the practice of midwifery;

(C)

whether documentation might offer the applicant an opportunity to engage in the same or similar criminal activity as that for which the applicant was previously convicted; and

(D)

the relationship of the crime to the ability, capacity, or fitness required to perform the duties and discharge the responsibilities of midwifery.

(3)

the Midwifery Board, in determining the present fitness of a person who has been convicted of a felony or a misdemeanor involving moral turpitude, shall consider:

(A)

the age of the applicant when the crime was committed;

(B)

the amount of time that has elapsed since the applicant's conviction;

(C)

the applicant's conduct and work history prior to and following the conviction;

(D)

evidence of the applicant's progress toward rehabilitation while incarcerated, on probation, or following release; and

(E)

other evidence of the person's present fitness, including letters of recommendation from:

(i)

prosecutorial, law enforcement, probation, and correctional officers;

(ii)

the sheriff or chief of police in the community where the applicant resides; and

(iii)

other persons.

(m)

Midwifery roster. The Midwifery Program shall maintain a roster of all individuals currently documented to practice midwifery in the state. A copy of the roster shall be provided to each county clerk and local registrar of births on request. The Midwifery Program shall provide information on new and/or late documentees to individual county clerks and local registrars of births during the course of a year as needed.

This agency hereby certifies that the adoption has been reviewed by legal counsel and found to be a valid exercise of the agency's legal authority.

Filed with the Office of the Secretary of State on April 26, 1999.

TRD-9902439

Edna Dougherty

Chairperson

Texas Midwifery Board

Effective date: May 16, 1999

Proposal publication date: January 1, 1999

For further information, please call: (512) 458-7236


Subchapter C. Education

22 TAC §831.31

The new section is adopted under the Texas Midwifery Act, Texas Civil Statutes, Article 4512i, §8A(b), which provides the board with the authority to adopt rules concerning the practice of midwifery, subject to the approval of the Texas Board of Health.

§831.31. Education.

(a)

Purpose. This section defines requirements for mandatory basic midwifery education and continuing midwifery education.

(b)

Provisions. This section establishes:

(1)

an education committee;

(2)

standards for mandatory basic midwifery education;

(3)

standards for mandatory continuing midwifery education;

(4)

procedures for midwifery education course approval, denial, and revocation of approval;

(5)

procedures for midwifery comprehensive exam approval, denial, and revocation of approval;

(6)

procedures for appeals of denials of course and comprehensive exam approval applications and revocations of approval; and

(7)

procedures for investigation and disposition of complaints concerning education courses and comprehensive exams.

(c)

Applicability. All persons subject to the Act must comply with §831.11 of this title (relating to Annual Documentation), including the educational requirements for both initial documentation and redocumentation.

(d)

Education committee.

(1)

The Chairperson of the Midwifery Board shall appoint an education committee for one year terms, with the approval of the Midwifery Board, to consider all issues related to mandatory basic and continuing midwifery education. The Education Committee shall review all applications submitted by the Midwifery Program staff for approval of mandatory basic midwifery education courses or comprehensive exams, as well as complaints concerning approved courses or exams. The Education Committee will consist of the following persons:

(A)

members of the Midwifery Board:

(i)

two midwives, one of whom shall serve as chairperson;

(ii)

a physician or the certified nurse midwife; and

(iii)

a public interest member; and

(B)

a documented midwife who is not a member of the Midwifery Board.

(2)

The Midwifery Board chairperson may convene ad hoc working groups consisting of committee members, documented midwives, and other interested individuals, as necessary.

(3)

Except for informal settlement conferences, all other meetings and proceedings of the Education Committee shall be open to the public.

(e)

Basic Education.

(1)

The Midwifery Program staff shall consider for approval only courses which have a course supervisor/administrator and site in Texas.

(2)

Mandatory basic midwifery education shall:

(A)

be offered to ensure that only trained individuals practice midwifery in Texas;

(B)

be offered by any individual or organization meeting the requirements for course approval established by this subsection;

(C)

include a didactic component which shall:

(i)

be based upon and completely cover the most current Core Competencies and Standards of Practice of the Midwives Alliance of North America (MANA) and the current Texas Midwifery Basic Information Manual;

(ii)

prepare the student to apply for certification by North American Registry of Midwives (NARM); and

(iii)

include a minimum of 250 hours course work.

(D)

be supervised and conducted by a course supervisor/administrator who shall:

(i)

be responsible for all aspects of the course; and

(ii)

have two years of experience in the independent practice of midwifery, nurse-midwifery or obstetrics; and

(iii)

have been primary care giver for at least 75 births including provision of prenatal, intrapartum, and postpartum care; and

(iv)

have met initial documentation requirements; or

(v)

be a Certified Professional Midwife (CPM); or

(vi)

be American College of Nurse Midwives (ACNM) certified; or

(vii)

be a licensed physician in Texas actively engaged in the practice of obstetrics.

(E)

include didactic curriculum instructors who:

(i)

have training and credentials for the course material they will teach; and

(ii)

are approved by the course supervisor/administrator.

(F)

provide clinical experience/preceptorship of at least one year in duration and equivalent to 1360 clinical contact hours which prepares the student to become certified by NARM, including successful completion of at least the following activities:

(i)

serving as an active participant in attending 20 births;

(ii)

serving as the primary midwife, under supervision, in attending 20 additional births, at least 10 of which shall be out-of-hospital births;

(iii)

serving as the primary midwife, under supervision, in performing:

(I)

75 prenatal exams, including at least 20 initial history and physical exams;

(II)

20 newborn exams; and

(III)

40 postpartum exams.

(G)

include preceptors who are approved by the course supervisor/administrator and shall be:

(i)

documented midwives;

(ii)

certified professional midwives;

(iii)

certified nurse midwives; or

(iv)

physicians licensed in Texas and actively engaged in the practice of obstetrics.

(3)

Individuals enrolled as students in an approved midwifery course must possess:

(A)

a high school diploma or the equivalent; and

(B)

a current cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) certificate for health care providers from the American Heart Association (formerly a C certificate) or an equivalent CPR certificate for the professional rescuer from the Red Cross.

(4)

Course approval.

(A)

The course supervisor/administrator shall submit an application form and a non-refundable initial application fee of $150 to the Midwifery Program with the following supporting documentation:

(i)

course outline;

(ii)

course curriculum with specific content references to:

(I)

MANA Core Competencies;

(II)

NARM Written Test Specifications;

(III)

NARM Skills Assessment Test Specifications; and

(IV)

Texas Midwifery Basic Information Manual.

(iii)

identification of didactic and preceptorship teaching sites;

(iv)

a financial statement or balance sheet (within the last year) for the course supervisor/administrator or course owner and disclosure of any bankruptcy within the last five years; and

(v)

written policies to include:

(I)

tuition schedule, other charges, and cancellation and refund policy, including the right of any prospective student to cancel his/her enrollment agreement within 72 hours after signing the agreement and receive a full refund of any money which may have paid;

(II)

student attendance, progress, and grievance policies;

(III)

rules of operation and conduct of school personnel;

(IV)

requirements for state documentation;

(V)

disclosure of approval status of course;

(VI)

maintenance of student files; and

(VII)

reasonable access for non-English speakers and compliance with Federal and state laws on accessibility.

(B)

Student files shall be maintained for a minimum of five years and shall include:

(i)

evidence that the entrance requirements have been met;

(ii)

documentation demonstrating completion of didactic and clinical course work; and

(iii)

copies of any financial agreements between the student and the school.

(C)

The Midwifery Program staff and Education Committee chairperson shall review each course application submitted for approval. If an application for initial approval meets all of the requirements specified in this paragraph, a one-year provisional approval will be granted. An on-site evaluation of the course shall be scheduled. The evaluation shall be conducted by a member of the Midwifery Program staff and a documented midwife within the provisional year. The midwife member of the evaluation team shall be appointed by the Chairperson of the Midwifery Board and shall not be the supervisor, didactic instructor, or preceptor of another basic midwifery education course in the same geographic area. The site visit will include the following:

(i)

an inspection of the course's facilities;

(ii)

a review of its teaching plan, protocols, and teaching materials;

(iii)

a review of didactic and preceptorship instruction;

(iv)

interviews with staff and students; and

(v)

a review of student files.

(D)

A non-refundable fee of $400 shall be assessed for each course approval site visit.

(E)

The review team's written report shall conclude with a recommendation to the Education Committee for approval or denial of the course.

(F)

The Education Committee shall evaluate the application and all other pertinent information, including any complaints received and the on-site review team's report and recommendation.

(G)

The Midwifery Board shall consider the application and the recommendations of the Education Committee and shall render a final decision during the provisional year. The decisions of the Education Committee and Midwifery Board shall be based upon the criteria specified in this subsection.

(H)

Each applicant shall be notified of the Midwifery Board's decision in writing within 10 working days. If an application is denied, the notification shall specify the reason(s) for denial.

(5)

Appeal of course denial. An appeal of a notification of a denial must be submitted in writing to the Chairperson of the Midwifery Board through the Midwifery Program within 21 working days of the applicant's receipt of the notice. Upon receipt of the appeal, the appellant will be placed on the agenda of the next scheduled meeting of the Midwifery Board, at which time the appellant may appear and the Board shall render a decision on the appeal.

(6)

Course reciprocity. A basic midwifery education course which is currently accredited by the Midwifery Education Accreditation Council (MEAC) shall be deemed approved under this subsection upon submission of evidence of such accreditation.

(7)

Duration of course approval.

(A)

The Midwifery Board shall approve courses for a three-year period.

(B)

Course approvals granted prior to December 31, 1996, shall expire upon the adoption of these rules, and course supervisors/administrators shall apply for initial approval within 60 days.

(C)

Course supervisors/administrators shall reapply for approval six months prior to expiration.

(8)

Course changes. Any substantive change(s) in the course or its content shall be submitted to the Midwifery Program staff prior to the change(s) if known in advance or within 10 working days after change(s). The Midwifery Program staff shall notify the Education Committee Chairperson. The Midwifery Board may reconsider the status of any course which has undergone substantive changes should the course no longer meet the requirements in subsections (e)(1)-(2) of this section.

(9)

Revocation of course approval. The Midwifery Board may revoke the approval of a course after notifying the course supervisor/administrator of its intended action and the opportunity for an appeal, if the Midwifery Board determines that:

(A)

the course no longer meets the standards established by this subsection;

(B)

the course supervisor, instructor(s), or preceptor(s) do not have the qualifications required by this subsection;

(C)

course approval was obtained by fraud or deceit;

(D)

the course supervisor has falsified course registration, attendance, and/or completion records; or

(E)

continued approval of the course is not in the public interest as defined by the Midwifery Board.

(10)

Fair hearing procedures. Notice and hearings required under this subsection will be conducted according to and will be governed by 25 TAC §§1.51-1.55 (relating to Fair Hearing Procedures), except that final decisions on hearings shall be made by the Midwifery Board rather than the commissioner.

(f)

Comprehensive exams.

(1)

Comprehensive exam approval.

(A)

Any approved education course or midwifery association may submit an application form and a non-refundable initial application fee of $150 to the Midwifery Program with the following supporting documentation:

(i)

copy of exam;

(ii)

copy of all exam information and preparation materials, including sample test booklet(s);

(iii)

evidence that the written portion of the examination has been validated by an independent professional, as required by the Act, §11(b);

(iv)

references to the MANA Core Competencies included in the exam;

(v)

identification of proposed test sites;

(vi)

a financial statement or balance sheet (within the last year) for the course supervisor/administrator or course owner or midwifery association and disclosure of any bankruptcy within the last five years; and

(vii)

written policies to include:

(I)

charge for exam administration, other charges, and cancellation and refund policy;

(II)

confidentiality of individual exam scores;

(III)

administration and grading of exam;

(IV)

requirements for test sites and proctors;

(V)

disclosure of approval status of exam;

(VI)

complaint procedures;

(VII)

maintenance of exam files; and

(VIII)

reasonable access for non-English speakers and compliance with Federal and state laws on accessibility.

(B)

Separate exam files for each administration of the exam shall be maintained for a minimum of five years and shall include:

(i)

evidence of identity of all test takers, and of all proctors;

(ii)

documentation concerning exam administration procedures;

(iii)

copies of any financial agreements related to the administration of the exam;

(iv)

copies of any complaints received;

(v)

copies of exam(s) administered; and

(vi)

originals of all scored exams.

(C)

The Midwifery Program staff and Education Committee chairperson shall review each exam application submitted for approval. If an application for approval meets all of the requirements specified in this paragraph, it will be forwarded to the Education Committee within 60 days.

(D)

The Education Committee shall evaluate the application and recommend either approval or denial of the application to the Midwifery Board.

(E)

The Midwifery Board shall consider the application and the recommendations of the Education Committee and shall render a final decision.

(F)

Each applicant shall be notified of the Midwifery Board's decision in writing within 10 working days. If an application is denied, the notification shall specify the reason(s) for denial.

(2)

Appeal of exam denial. An appeal of a notification of a denial must be submitted in writing to the Chairperson of the Midwifery Board within 21 working days of the applicant's receipt of the notice. The appellant may appear at the next scheduled meeting of the Midwifery Board, at which the Board shall render a decision on the appeal.

(3)

Duration of exam approval.

(A)

The Midwifery Board shall approve exams for a three-year period;

(B)

Any revisions to the exam must be approved according to the requirements of this subsection; and

(C)

Course supervisors/administrators or associations of midwifery shall reapply for approval six months prior to expiration.

(4)

Exam changes/revisions. Any substantive change(s) in, or revisions to, the exam, its administration, or any of the policies associated with it, shall be submitted to the Midwifery Program staff prior implementation of the change(s), along with a explanation for the proposed change(s). The Midwifery Program staff shall notify the Education Committee Chairperson. The Midwifery Board may reconsider the status of any exam in which substantive changes have been made.

(A)

The Education Committee may request and consider any relevant information, including exam files, when reconsidering course approval.

(B)

The Education Committee shall forward its recommendations to the Midwifery Board.

(5)

Revocation of exam approval.

(A)

The Midwifery Board may revoke the approval of a exam after notifying the course supervisor/administrator or course owner or midwifery association of its intended action and the opportunity for an appeal, if the Midwifery Board determines that:

(i)

the exam or the course/association who submitted it for approval no longer meets the standards established by this subsection; or

(ii)

exam approval was obtained by fraud or deceit; or

(iii)

records required by this subsection have been falsified or are incomplete; or

(iv)

exam files or other relevant information have been withheld from the Midwifery Board or Education Committee despite a written request; or

(v)

continued approval of the exam is not in the public interest as defined by the Midwifery Board.

(B)

Each course supervisor/administrator or midwifery association shall be notified of the Midwifery Board's decision in writing within ten working days. If an application is denied, the notification shall specify the reason(s) for denial.

(C)

Notice and hearings required under this subsection will be conducted according to and will be governed by 25 TAC §§1.51-1.55 (relating to Fair Hearing Procedures), except that final hearing decisions will be made by the Midwifery Board rather than the commissioner.

(6)

Complaints. If a complaint cannot be resolved by the complaint process associated with the exam, the complainant may file a complaint against the exam or the course supervisor/administrator or course owner or midwifery association with the Education Committee in accordance with the procedures in subsection (h) of this section.

(g)

Continuing education.

(1)

Mandatory continuing midwifery education courses support the need for midwives practicing in Texas to maintain current knowledge and skills.

(2)

Courses may be offered by any individual or organization that meets the requirements for course approval established by this subsection.

(3)

Course curriculum must provide an educational experience which:

(A)

covers new developments in the fields of midwifery or related disciplines; or

(B)

reviews established knowledge in the fields of midwifery or related disciplines; and

(C)

shall be presented in standard contact hour increments for continuing health education; and

(D)

shall provide reasonable access for non-English speakers and comply with Federal and state laws on accessibility.

(4)

Course coordinators and instructors.

(A)

Course coordinators shall obtain course approval, register and certify participant attendance, and provide attendance certificates to participants following the course.

(B)

Course instructors shall have training and credentials appropriate for the course material they will teach.

(5)

Course approval. Continuing education courses attended to fulfill annual documentation requirements shall be accepted when the courses:

(A)

satisfy the requirements of subsection (g)(3)(A)-(C) of this section; and

(B)

are accredited by one of the following accrediting bodies:

(i)

a professional midwifery association, nursing, social work, or medicine;

(ii)

a college or university;

(iii)

a nursing, medical, or health care organization;

(iv)

a state board of nursing or medicine;

(v)

a department of health; or

(vi)

a hospital.

(h)

Complaint procedure, investigation, and disposition.

(1)

Purpose. This subsection defines the procedures for filing complaints against approved courses or exams. It further defines valid causes for discipline and procedures to be utilized by the Midwifery Program, the Education Committee, and the Midwifery Board in processing, investigating, and resolving complaints against approved courses or exams.

(2)

Provisions. This subsection establishes:

(A)

procedures for reporting violations and/or complaints;

(B)

procedures for investigating alleged violations and/or complaints;

(C)

procedures for informal hearings;

(D)

procedures for sanctions; and

(E)

procedures for complaint disposition and appeals.

(3)

Education Committee. The Education Committee shall consider all complaints filed against approved courses or exams and shall make recommendations to the Midwifery Board.

(A)

The Midwifery Board Chairperson may convene ad hoc working groups consisting of committee members, documented midwives, and other interested individuals as necessary.

(B)

All meetings of the Education Committee in which a complaint is being discussed shall be closed to the public. The Education Committee shall schedule an informal conference to discuss the investigation and any proposed recommendation. At no time shall the Education Committee or Midwifery Board disclose the identity of the complainant, or the course or exam that is the subject of the complaint.

(4)

Report of a complaint. Complaints may be accepted by the Midwifery Program by telephone, in person, or in writing from any person or agency alleging violations of this section.

(A)

The Midwifery Program staff shall mail a letter and complaint form to the complainant within 10 working days of being notified of the complaint. The complaint form shall request at least the following information:

(i)

the name, address, and telephone number of complainant (optional);

(ii)

the name, address, and telephone number of course supervisor/administrator or course owner or midwifery association that is the subject of the complaint;

(iii)

a complete statement of the complaint, including date(s), time(s), and location(s) of event(s);

(iv)

the name, address, and telephone number of any witnesses; and

(v)

a description of any other reporting, filing, or attempted resolution of the complaint.

(B)

The complaint review process begins when the completed complaint form is received by the Midwifery Program and assigned a case number, and the subject of the complaint is determined to be a course or exam approved under this section.

(C)

If the complaint form includes the complainant's name and address, the complainant shall be notified in writing of the Midwifery Program's receipt of the complaint form within 10 working days.

(5)

Records of complaints. The Midwifery Program shall maintain an information file about each complaint. The information file shall be kept current and shall contain, if applicable:

(A)

the written complaint;

(B)

a record of all persons contacted in relation to the complaint;

(C)

client records;

(D)

other requested records;

(E)

a summary of findings;

(F)

an explanation of the legal basis and the Midwifery Board's reason for dismissing a complaint;

(G)

sanctions imposed; and

(H)

other relevant information.

(6)

Complaint investigation. The Midwifery Program Director shall:

(A)

notify the course supervisor/administrator or course owner or midwifery association of the Midwifery Program's receipt of the complaint by certified mail;

(B)

request all relevant records necessary to conduct an investigation of the complaint;

(C)

interview the complainant, the respondent, and any witnesses;

(D)

review and evaluate all information received;

(E)

forward the complaint to any other agencies or organizations which may also have jurisdiction and/or refer the complainant to said agencies or organizations;

(F)

present each complaint to the Education Committee; and

(G)

notify the course supervisor/administrator or course owner or midwifery association by certified mail of the date and time of the Education Committee at which the complaint will be presented, at least 30 days in advance.

(7)

Settlement conference. The Education Committee chairperson or, in his/her absence, the vice-chairperson, will preside over and conduct the conference.

(A)

On the day and time designated for the conference, the chairperson/vice-chairperson shall:

(i)

state the purpose of and the legal authority for the conference; and

(ii)

outline the procedure and order of presentation to be followed.

(B)

Order of presentation. After making the necessary introductory and explanatory remarks, the chairperson/vice-chairperson shall state the case number and the nature of the complaint.

(i)

The Education Committee shall review all available evidence from the investigation, including any statements from the complainant and the course supervisor/administrator or course owner or midwifery association. The Education Committee may question any person present regarding relevant information. Whether or not the complainant or course supervisor/administrator or course owner or midwifery association is present, the settlement conference shall proceed with the information on hand.

(ii)

Evidence and statements shall be reviewed by the Education Committee and one of the following recommendations made to the Midwifery Board:

(I)

close the complaint file due to insufficient evidence; or

(II)

enter an agreed order.

(iii)

Complaints not resolved by settlement conference shall be referred for a hearing.

(8)

Hearings.

(A)

All administrative hearings under this section shall be conducted according to 25 TAC §§1.51-1.55 (relating to Fair Hearing Procedures).

(B)

All proposals for decision shall be referred to the Midwifery Board for final decision.

(9)

Guidelines for sanctions. The Midwifery Board/Education Committee shall consider the following factors in imposing sanctions:

(A)

the severity of the offense;

(B)

the damage to the public or to the profession of midwifery;

(C)

the number of repetitions of the offense;

(D)

the length of time since date of offense;

(E)

the number of sanctions imposed upon the course supervisor/administrator or course owner or midwifery association;

(F)

the length of time the course or exam has been offered;

(G)

the actual injury, financial or otherwise, suffered by the student(s) or person(s) taking the exam;

(H)

any efforts at rehabilitation or remediation by the course supervisor/administrator or course owner or midwifery association; and

(I)

any other mitigating or aggravating circumstances.

(10)

Penalties and Sanctions. If the Midwifery Board finds that a course supervisor/administrator or course owner or midwifery association has violated this subsection, it shall enter an order imposing one or more of the following:

(A)

a written warning;

(B)

limitation or restriction of course or exam approval for a specified time;

(C)

suspension of course or exam approval for a specified time;

(D)

revocation of course or exam approval;

(E)

probation of any sanction imposed on the course supervisor/administrator or course owner or midwifery association;

(F)

acceptance by the Midwifery Board of the voluntary surrender of approval and without the opportunity for reinstatement unless the Midwifery Board determines the course supervisor/administrator or course owner or midwifery association is competent to resume offering the course or exam; or

(G)

imposition of conditions for approval that the course supervisor/administrator or course owner or midwifery association must satisfy before the Midwifery Board issues an unrestricted approval.

(11)

Failure to cooperate. Failure to provide records requested by the Midwifery Program, without good cause shown, shall be grounds for additional disciplinary action.

(12)

Disposition.

(A)

Agreed disposition.

(i)

The Midwifery Board may, unless precluded by law or this section, make a disposition of any complaint by agreed order.

(ii)

An agreed disposition is considered a disciplinary order for purposes of reporting under this chapter and of administrative hearings and proceedings by state and federal regulatory agencies regarding the practice and education of documented midwives. An agreed order is a public record. In civil or criminal litigation, an agreed disposition is a settlement agreement under Texas Rules of Civil Evidence, Rule 408, and Texas Rules of Criminal Evidence, Rule 408.

(B)

Closed file. The Midwifery Board may close the complaint file due to insufficient evidence.

This agency hereby certifies that the adoption has been reviewed by legal counsel and found to be a valid exercise of the agency's legal authority.

Filed with the Office of the Secretary of State on April 26, 1999.

TRD-9902440

Edna Dougherty

Chairperson

Texas Midwifery Board

Effective date: May 16, 1999

Proposal publication date: January 1, 1999

For further information, please call: (512) 458-7236


Subchapter D. Practice of Midwifery

22 TAC §831.101

The new section is adopted under the Texas Midwifery Act, Texas Civil Statutes, Article 4512i, §8A(b), which provides the board with the authority to adopt rules concerning the practice of midwifery, subject to the approval of the Texas Board of Health.

§831.101. Administration of Oxygen.

(a)

Purpose. This section outlines procedures for administration of oxygen by midwives. Whether or not a midwife chooses to administer oxygen to the mother and/or newborn, the midwife remains responsible for assessing the client and/or newborn; consultation; referral; and/or recommending transfer or transport of the mother and newborn in compliance with §831.51 of this title (relating to Midwifery Practice Standards and Principles).

(b)

Under this section a midwife is not required to use oxygen.

(c)

Provisions. This section establishes that:

(1)

intrapartum oxygen may be administered to the mother via mask at 8-10 liters/minute for the following:

(A)

fetal heart rate irregularities while assessing for consultation and/or possible transfer;

(B)

cord prolapse prior to transport;

(C)

signs or symptoms of maternal shock or hemorrhage prior to transport; or

(D)

as indicated by American Heart Association Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation guidelines;

(2)

postpartum oxygen may be administered while monitoring according to the Midwifery Practice Standards and Principles:

(A)

to the newborn during the initial neonatal period at a rate of 5 liters/minute concurrent with American Academy of Pediatrics Neonatal Resuscitation guidelines; or

(B)

to the mother and/or newborn in other situations not listed above and deemed necessary according to generally accepted standards of midwifery practice to protect the health and well-being of the mother and/or newborn;

(3)

indications for administration of oxygen shall be clearly documented in the client's chart.

(d)

Midwives are authorized to purchase equipment and supplies listed in the American Heart Association Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Guidelines and the American Academy of Pediatrics Neonatal Resuscitation Guidelines for the administration of oxygen.

This agency hereby certifies that the adoption has been reviewed by legal counsel and found to be a valid exercise of the agency's legal authority.

Filed with the Office of the Secretary of State on April 26, 1999.

TRD-9902441

Edna Dougherty

Chairperson

Texas Midwifery Board

Effective date: May 16, 1999

Proposal publication date: January 1, 1999

For further information, please call: (512) 458-7236


Subchapter E. Complaint Review

22 TAC §831.161

The new section is adopted under the Texas Midwifery Act, Texas Civil Statutes, Article 4512i, §8A(b), which provides the board with the authority to adopt rules concerning the practice of midwifery, subject to the approval of the Texas Board of Health.

§831.161. Complaint Review.

(a)

Purpose. This section defines the procedures for reporting alleged violations of the Act and this subchapter. It further defines grounds for disciplinary action and procedures to be utilized by the Midwifery Program and the Midwifery Board in processing, investigating, and resolving complaints against midwives practicing in Texas.

(b)

Provisions. This section establishes:

(1)

a Complaint Review Committee;

(2)

procedures for reporting violations and/or complaints;

(3)

categories of violations;

(4)

procedures for investigating alleged violations and/or complaints;

(5)

procedures for release of relevant records and/or medical records;

(6)

procedures for participation by the complainant;

(7)

procedures for informal settlement conferences;

(8)

procedures for hearings;

(9)

procedures for disciplinary action; and

(10)

procedures for complaint disposition and appeals.

(c)

Complaint Review Committee. With the approval of the Midwifery Board, the chairperson of the Midwifery Board shall appoint a Complaint Review Committee for one-year terms to consider all complaints filed against documented midwives and to make recommendations to the Midwifery Board.

(1)

The Complaint Review Committee shall consist of:

(A)

the following Midwifery Board members:

(i)

one midwife, who shall serve as the chairperson;

(ii)

a physician or certified nurse midwife; and

(iii)

a public interest member; and

(B)

two documented midwives in active practice who are not members of the Midwifery Board to serve as professional consultants on midwifery practice issues.

(2)

The Midwifery Board chairperson may appoint ad hoc working groups consisting of committee members, documented midwives, and other persons as necessary.

(3)

During the investigation and consideration of a complaint, the Complaint Review Committee shall schedule an informal conference to discuss the investigation and to consider any recommendations for disposition of the complaint. At no time shall the Complaint Review Committee or Midwifery Board disclose the identity of the midwife's client or the complainant.

(d)

Report of a complaint. Any person or agency may contact the Midwifery Program by telephone, in person, or in writing, alleging that a documented midwife has violated the Act, any provisions of this subchapter, or any other law or rule relating to the practice of midwifery in Texas.

(1)

Midwifery Program staff shall provide a complaint form to the complainant by mail within ten working days of being contacted by the complaint.

(2)

The complaint review process begins when:

(A)

the complaint form is received by the Midwifery Program;

(B)

the Midwifery Program confirms that the subject of the complaint is a midwife documented in Texas and/or practicing midwifery in Texas;

(C)

the Midwifery Program confirms that the complaint alleges acts which took place not more than five years before the receipt of the complaint; and

(D)

the Midwifery Program assigns a case number.

(3)

If the complainant has provided his or her name and address, the Midwifery Program shall confirm receipt of the complaint form in writing within ten working days.

(e)

Records of complaints. The Midwifery Program shall maintain the following information concerning each complaint filed, if applicable:

(1)

a copy of the complaint;

(2)

record of all persons contacted in relation to the complaint;

(3)

client records;

(4)

other records requested during the investigation;

(5)

a summary of findings;

(6)

basis for recommending dismissal of the complaint;

(7)

disciplinary action taken; and

(8)

other relevant information.

(f)

Complaint categories.

(1)

The Midwifery Program Director shall assign one of the following categories for each complaint for the initial allocation of investigative resources:

(A)

an alleged violation of the Act and/or rules involving actual deception, fraud, or injury to clients or the public;

(B)

an alleged violation of the Act and/or rules involving a high probability of deception, fraud, or injury to clients or the public;

(C)

an alleged violation of the Act and/or rules involving a potential for deception, fraud, or injury to clients or the public; or

(D)

all other complaints.

(2)

The final complaint category shall be assigned by the Complaint Review Committee after completion of the investigation.

(g)

Disciplinary action and guidelines.

(1)

The Midwifery Board and the Complaint Review Committee shall consider the following factors when taking or recommending disciplinary action:

(A)

the severity of the offense;

(B)

the danger to the public;

(C)

the number of repetitions of offenses;

(D)

the length of time since date of violation;

(E)

any other disciplinary actions taken against the midwife;

(F)

the length of time the midwife has practiced;

(G)

the extent of the client's injuries, physical or otherwise;

(H)

any efforts at rehabilitation or remediation by the midwife;

(I)

prior determinations by the Midwifery Board that a midwife has violated the Act and/or rules; and

(J)

any other mitigating or aggravating circumstances.

(2)

In addition to or in lieu of the penalties and sanctions under subsection (k), the following administrative penalties shall be used in recommending disposition of complaints involving the following violations:

(A)

for intentional alteration or falsification of birth or death certificates; revocation of documentation and an administrative penalty not to exceed $1000;

(B)

for intentional alteration or falsification of client records or reports, other than birth or death certificates, or misrepresentation of facts:

(i)

for the first offense, an administrative penalty not to exceed $100;

(ii)

for a second offense, an administrative penalty not to exceed $200; and

(iii)

for subsequent offenses, an administrative penalty not to exceed $500 per offense, with each day of a continuing violation constituting a separate violation.

(C)

for failure to submit, upon request, to the Midwifery Program any records or reports relating to the practice of midwifery required under the Act:

(i)

for the first offense, an administrative penalty not to exceed $100;

(ii)

for a second offense, an administrative penalty not to exceed $200; and

(iii)

for subsequent offenses, an administrative penalty not to exceed $500 per offense, with each day of a continuing violation constituting a separate violation;

(D)

for violations of §831.51 of this title (related to Midwifery Practice Standards and Principles):

(i)

for the first offense, an administrative penalty not to exceed $200;

(ii)

for a second offense, an administrative penalty not to exceed $400; and

(iii)

for a subsequent offense:

(I)

an administrative penalty not to exceed $1,000 per offense, with each day of a continuing violation constituting a separate violation; and

(II)

revocation of documentation;

(E)

for practicing midwifery without documentation, with lapsed documentation, or while documentation has been suspended or revoked, the Midwifery Board may request that the attorney general or a district, county, or city attorney institute a civil action in district court to collect a civil penalty not to exceed $250 per offense, with each day of a continuing violation constituting a separate violation;

(F)

for procuring or renewing documentation through fraud:

(i)

denial of documentation; and

(ii)

an administrative penalty not to exceed $1000 per offense, with each day of a continuing violation constituting a separate violation;

(G)

for failure to practice midwifery in a manner consistent with public health and safety:

(i)

denial of documentation;

(ii)

suspension of documentation; or

(iii)

revocation of documentation;

(H)

for all other violations of the Act and/or rules not covered by this subsection: disciplinary sanctions determined on a case by case basis.

(3)

Failure by a midwife to practice midwifery in a manner consistent with public health and safety shall include, but shall not be limited to:

(A)

making deceptive or fraudulent representations in the practice of midwifery, including, but not limited to false claims of proficiency in any field;

(B)

mistreating a client, including, but not limited to:

(i)

verbal or physical abuse of client;

(ii)

abandonment immediately before or during labor; or

(iii)

repeated failure to appear at scheduled appointments without canceling, except in an emergency situation;

(C)

exploiting the client and/or her family by engaging in a sexual relationship or misconduct during the provision of midwifery care;

(D)

using or maintaining a work area, equipment, or clothing that is unsanitary, except in an emergency situation;

(E)

failing to supervise midwifery students or apprentices in his/her charge effectively;

(F)

using fraud in the practice of midwifery, practicing midwifery with gross incompetence, with gross negligence on a particular occasion, or with a pattern of fraud, negligence, or incompetence;

(G)

willfully failing to inform or misleading a client who requests the name, mailing address, or telephone number of the Midwifery Program for the purpose of filing a complaint; or

(H)

failing to provide a written explanation of charges previously made on a bill or statement in response to the client's written request.

(h)

Complaint investigation. The Midwifery Program Director or director's designee shall:

(1)

notify the midwife of the complaint by certified mail within ten working days of reading the complaint;

(2)

obtain all relevant midwifery records and medical records necessary to conduct an investigation of a complaint without the necessity of consent of the midwife's client;

(3)

interview the complainant, the respondent, and any witnesses;

(4)

obtain any available peer review reports;

(5)

review and evaluate all information received;

(6)

forward complaint(s) not within the Midwifery Board's jurisdiction to other agencies and/or refer complainants to appropriate agencies;

(7)

present each complaint to the Complaint Review Committee; and

(8)

notify the midwife by certified mail of the category initially assigned to the complaint and the date and time of the Complaint Review Committee meeting at which the complaint will be considered, at least 30 days in advance. The midwife shall be afforded an opportunity to present relevant evidence and to show compliance with all requirements of law for the retention of documentation.

(i)

Settlement conference. The Complaint Review Committee chairperson shall conduct the conference. If the chairperson is absent, the vice-chairperson shall preside.

(1)

The chairperson/vice-chairperson shall:

(A)

state the legal authority for and the purpose of the conference; and

(B)

outline the procedure to be followed.

(2)

Order of presentation. After explaining the purpose of the conference and other related matters, the chairperson/vice-chairperson shall state the case number and the nature of the complaint.

(A)

The Complaint Review Committee shall review all information obtained during the investigation and any statements from the complainant and/or the midwife. The Complaint Review Committee may question any person present regarding relevant information.

(B)

The midwife shall be afforded an opportunity to present relevant evidence and to show compliance with all requirements of law for the retention of documentation.

(C)

Following review of all evidence and statements, the Complaint Review Committee shall make one of the following recommendations to the Midwifery Board:

(i)

closure of the complaint due to insufficient evidence; or

(ii)

entry of an agreed order.

(D)

Matters not resolved by settlement conference shall be referred for a hearing.

(j)

Hearings.

(1)

All administrative hearings under this subchapter shall be conducted according to 25 TAC §§1.51-1.55 (relating to Fair Hearing Procedures) unless the midwifery board seeks to assess an administrative penalty under the Act, §18E.

(2)

If the midwifery board seeks to assess an administrative penalty, as either the sole sanction or in combination with other penalties and sanctions authorized by this subchapter, said administrative hearing shall be conducted according to 25 TAC §§1.21-1.32 (relating to Formal Hearing Procedures).

(3)

All proposals for decision will be referred to the Midwifery Board for final decision.

(k)

Penalties and Sanctions. If the Midwifery Board finds a person has violated the Act and/or rules adopted under the Act or any other law or rule relating to the practice of midwifery in Texas, it shall enter an order imposing one or more of the following:

(1)

denial of the person's application for documentation;

(2)

issuance of a written warning;

(3)

limitation or restriction of the midwife's practice for a specified time;

(4)

suspension of the midwife's documentation for a specified time;

(5)

revocation of the midwife's documentation;

(6)

required participation by the midwife in counseling and treatment for psychological impairment, or intemperate use of alcohol or drugs;

(7)

required participation by the midwife in one or more education programs;

(8)

required practice by the midwife under the direction of a preceptor for a specified period;

(9)

probation of any penalty imposed;

(10)

acceptance of the voluntary surrender of a midwife's documentation, but without reissuance of documentation unless the Midwifery Board determines the midwife is competent to resume practice;

(11)

imposition of conditions for reinstatement that the midwife must satisfy before the Midwifery Board reissues documentation following suspension, revocation, or voluntary surrender; or

(12)

assessment of an administrative penalty against not to exceed $1,000 for each violation, with each day of a continuing violation constituting a separate violation.

(l)

Failure to cooperate. Failure to provide records requested by the Midwifery Program in the course of a complaint investigation, without good cause shown, shall constitute grounds for additional disciplinary action.

(m)

Disposition.

(1)

The Midwifery Board may, unless precluded by law or this section, make a disposition of any complaint by agreed order.

(2)

An agreed disposition is considered a disciplinary order for purposes of reporting under this chapter and of administrative hearings and proceedings by state and federal regulatory agencies regarding the practice of documented midwives. An agreed order is a public record. In civil or criminal litigation, an agreed disposition is a settlement agreement under Texas Rules of Civil Evidence, Rule 408, and Texas Rules of Criminal Evidence, Rule 408.

(3)

The Midwifery Board may close the complaint due to insufficient evidence.

This agency hereby certifies that the adoption has been reviewed by legal counsel and found to be a valid exercise of the agency's legal authority.

Filed with the Office of the Secretary of State on April 26, 1999.

TRD-9902442

Edna Dougherty

Chairperson

Texas Midwifery Board

Effective date: May 16, 1999

Proposal publication date: January 1, 1999

For further information, please call: (512) 458-7236