Part 2.
TEXAS PARKS AND WILDLIFE DEPARTMENT
Chapter 58.
OYSTERS AND SHRIMP
Subchapter B. STATEWIDE SHRIMP FISHERY PROCLAMATION
31 TAC §58.161
The Texas Parks and Wildlife Department adopts on an emergency
basis an amendment to §58.161, concerning shrimping in outside waters
(Gulf waters of the Texas territorial sea--nine nautical miles). Based on
sound biological data, the executive director has determined that migration
of small brown shrimp from the bays to the Gulf of Mexico will occur earlier
than the May 15 regulatory closure date. The emergency rule is adopted to
adjust the May 15 closing date to May 11, 2000 for a maximum closure of 75
days.
The purpose of the closed Gulf season is to protect brown shrimp during
their major period of emigration from the bays to the Gulf of Mexico until
they reach a larger, more valuable size before harvest and to prevent waste
caused by the discarding of smaller individuals. This emergency measure minimizes
social and economic hardship in a depressed industry by closing the season
four days earlier than scheduled to obtain optimum yield from the shrimp resource.
The amendment is adopted on an emergency basis under authority
of Parks and Wildlife Code, §77.062, which authorizes the commission
to regulate the catching of shrimp, to change the opening and closing dates
of the closed season to provide for an earlier, later, or longer season, and
to delegate to the director the duties and responsibilities of opening and
closing the shrimping season. In April 1978, the Texas Parks and Wildlife
Commission delegated to the executive director the duties and responsibilities
of opening and closing the shrimping season under this section. Additionally,
Parks and Wildlife Code, §77.007 provides that a proclamation of the
commission under the provisions §77.007 prevails over any conflicting
provision of Chapter 77 to the extent of the conflict.
§58.161.Shrimping in Outside Waters.
(a)-(d)
(No change.)
(e)
Early Closure of the Gulf Shrimping Season.
The provisions of subsection (d)(2)(A) of this section are replaced, as follows:
the general closed season for shrimp in outside waters extends from 30 minutes
after sunset May 11, 2000 to 30 minutes after sunset July 15, 2000.
Filed with the Office
of the Secretary of State, on May 11, 2000.
TRD-200003335
Gene McCarty
Chief of Staff
Texas Parks and Wildlife Department
Effective date: May 11, 2000
Expiration date: July 30, 2000
For further information, please call: (512) 389-4775
Chapter 720.
EMERGENCY DROUGHT MANAGEMENT PLAN RULES FOR 2000
The Edwards Aquifer Authority ("Authority") adopts, on an emergency
basis, the following new rules: §§720.1, 720.120, 720.122, 720.124,
720.126, 720.128, 720.130, 720.132, 720.134, 720.136, 720.138, 720.140, 720.142,
720.144, 720.146, 720.148, 720.150, 720.152, 720.154, 720.156, 720.157, 720.158,
720.160, 720.162, 720.164, concerning the Emergency Drought Management Plan
Rules for 2000 and these emergency rules specify mandatory restrictions on
the use of groundwater from the Edwards Aquifer designed to slow, stop, or
reverse the decline of water levels in the aquifer and springflows at Comal
and San Marcos Springs.
Emergency Rules Summary
The emergency rules establish three emergency drought management areas,
three emergency drought stages, a mechanism for reporting aquifer use, a requirement
for emergency drought or critical period ordinances to be adopted by municipalities
and approved by the Authority, and reductions in aquifer use. Municipal users
are allowed to develop their own rules for their customers that are within
their jurisdictions, and industrial users are allowed to develop their own
plan to achieve the reductions. The emergency rules generally apply to all
existing users who have applied to the Authority for an initial regular permit
and all owners of wells which are exempt from the permitting requirements
of the Act.
The three emergency drought management areas are:
(1) The East Area, which consists of those portions of Bexar, Comal, Hays,
Caldwell and Guadalupe Counties which are within the Authority's boundaries;
(2) The Medina/Atascosa Area, which consists of those portions of Medina
and Atascosa Counties which are within the Authority's boundaries; and
(3) The Uvalde/Atascosa Area, which consists of Uvalde County.
The rules impose three emergency drought management stages which apply
to each area based upon aquifer conditions. In the East Area, Stage I applies
when index well J-17 is at or below 650 feet above mean sea level (" ft. m.s.l.")
and above 640 ft. m.s.l.; Stage II applies when well J-17 is at or below 640
ft. m.s.l. and above 630 ft. m.s.l.; and Stage III applies when well J-17
is at or below 630 ft. m.s.l.
In the Medina/Atascosa Area, Stage I applies when index well TD 69-47-306
(the "Medina Well") is at or below 670 ft. m.s.l and above 660 ft. m.s.l.;
Stage II applies when the Medina Well is at or below 660 ft. m.s.l. and above
655 ft. m.s.l.; and Stage III applies when the Medina Well is at or below
655 ft. m.s.l.
In the Uvalde Area, Stage I applies when index well J-27 is at or below
845 ft. m.s.l and above 840 ft. m.s.l; Stage II applies when well J-27 is
at or below 840 ft. m.s.l. and above 835 ft. m.s.l; and Stage III applies
when well J-27 is below 835 ft. m.s.l.
During Stage 1:
Applicants must submit monthly water use reports to the Authority.
Municipal and industrial applicants must reduce to 95% of their monthly
pumping schedule.
Residential landscape watering is restricted to one day per week in the
morning and evening.
Municipalities which are permit applicants must designate days of the week
which customers within their jurisdiction may conduct landscape watering.
Use of Edwards Aquifer water for ornamental fountains or similar features
is prohibited.
During Stage II, in addition to the restrictions in place for Stage I:
Municipal and industrial applicants must reduce to 90% of their monthly
pumping schedule.
Residential landscape watering is further restricted to one day per week
with shorter morning and evening hours.
Restrictions are imposed upon filling and draining swimming pools.
During Stage III, in addition to the restrictions in place for Stages I
and II:
Municipal and Industrial applicants must reduce to 85% of their monthly
pumping schedule.
Residential landscape watering is prohibited, with the exception of using
a hand-held bucket, hand-held hose, soaker hose, or properly installed drip
irrigation system.
Applicants must submit weekly withdrawal reports to the Authority.
Municipalities and municipal water distribution systems are to encourage
water conservation by their customers by imposing water rates which increase
as a customer's usage increases.
Irrigation of new crops is generally prohibited.
The rules also require owners of golf courses or athletic fields who have
applied for a permit or who are dependent upon water from the aquifer to submit
a groundwater conservation plan to the Authority, and to reduce to 95%, 90%
or 85% of their monthly pumping schedules in Stages 1, 2, and 3, respectively,
or, alternatively, to reduce their replacement of daily evapotranspiration
rate ("ET rate") by a series of percentages during the Stages. Such golf course
or athletic field owners must also make and maintain certain daily water records.
The rules impose a number of additional provisions and requirements including:
extensive water use reporting requirements; and
a mechanism whereby an applicant may request and obtain from the Authority
a variance from the rules.
The Need for Emergency Rules
Current conditions within the Edwards Aquifer and at Comal and San Marcos
Springs necessitate the adoption of these rules on an emergency basis. The
Authority is currently in the process of developing and adopting, pursuant
to the regular rulemaking process specified in the Texas Administration Procedure
Act, a set of drought management rules similar to these emergency rules. In
the meantime, however, current aquifer and springflow conditions warrant adoption
of emergency rules immediately.
Comal and San Marcos Springs are the primary natural outflows from the
Aquifer. There are at least six species which are directly dependent upon
Comal Springs and/or San Marcos Springs and which are federally-listed as
endangered or threatened pursuant to the Endangered Species Act, 16 U.S.C.A. §§1531-1544
(the "ESA"). Those species are: the fountain darter
(Etheostoma fonticola)
, the San Marcos gambusia
(Gambusia georgei)
, Texas wild-rice
(Zizania
texana)
, the San Marcos salamander
(Eurycea
nana)
, the Peck's Cave amphipod
(Stygobromus
pecki)
, and the Comal Springs riffle beetle
(Stygoparnus comalensis)
.
The United States Fish and Wildlife Service ("FWS") is the federal agency
primarily responsible for implementing and enforcing the ESA. FWS has determined
that maintaining adequate discharge at the springs is one of the major requirements
to protect threatened and endangered species that depend upon the Comal and
San Marcos Springs ecosystems. Reduced spring discharges threaten the endangered
species by decreasing available habitat, decreasing available food supply,
increasing competition from native and exotic species, increasing water temperature,
and decreasing dissolved oxygen. FWS has made determinations relative to minimum
springflows necessary for certain of these species. It is the Authority's
understanding that FWS currently contends that the fountain darter, San Marcos
gambusia, and Texas wild-rice are generally "taken," i.e. killed or injured,
when springflow at San Marcos Springs drops to below 100 cubic ft. per second
("c.f.s."). FWS also currently contends that when San Marcos springflow drops
to 100 c.f.s., there is an appreciable reduction in the likelihood of survival
and recovery of these three species (i.e. "jeopardy " conditions exist), and
there is an appreciable diminution of the value of critical habitat for the
survival and recovery of these species (i.e. destruction or adverse modification
of critical habitat occurs).
The FWS has made similar general determinations of the springflow needs
of the fountain darter in Comal Springs. Those numbers are: (1) 200 c.f.s.
for "take"; and (2) 150 c.f.s for "jeopardy."
With respect to the threatened or endangered species found within the Comal
and San Marcos Springs, the Authority, pursuant to §§1.14(a) and
(h) of the Edwards Aquifer Authority Act, has broad powers and responsibilities
to take measures designed to protect these species. In order to achieve that
objective, the Authority is currently engaged in a large-scale project to
develop a habitat conservation plan, or HCP, for the management of the aquifer
and protection of the listed species. Any such HCP will ultimately be approved
by FWS before it is implemented. The HCP is a long-term project which will
likely take many months for completion. In the meantime, the Authority believes
these emergency rules are needed as a short-term remedy.
The Authority does not concede that it can legally be held directly liable
for a "take" of the species based upon diminished springflows. It has, however,
been advised by FWS that FWS may seek to hold the Authority liable for a "take"
under the ESA if springflows drop below these specified levels. Likewise,
the Authority does not concede that the springflow numbers currently relied
upon by FWS accurately reflect when "take," "jeopardy" or adverse habitat
modification occur. The Authority believes that, as more biological data on
the species is developed, these flow numbers might be revised. It is hoped
that the Authority's HCP project will lead to such revisions. In the meantime,
however, the Authority has determined that it needs to implement these emergency
rules in order to reduce aquifer withdrawals and thereby increase, or at a
minimum, slow decreases in flows at Comal and San Marcos Springs in order
to protect these species.
Spring discharge is a function of groundwater elevation in the aquifer.
The Authority maintains a series of observation and index wells across the
region to gauge groundwater elevations in the aquifer. The index well for
Medina and Atascosa Counties (Hondo Well) and the index well for Bexar, Comal,
Caldwell, Guadalupe, and Hays Counties (J-17) have indicated a sharp drop
over the preceding 10 days (attached Figure 1). Comal Springs has also shown
a corresponding decrease in discharge. J-17 is used to predict trends in the
aquifer because it has a very good correlation to spring flow at Comal Springs.
In addition, San Marcos Springs has a significant regional flow component
from the western region which increases as aquifer levels drop.
Aquifer levels are decreasing because of hot and dry weather across the
region and the subsequent increase in demand by municipal and agricultural
users. Long-range weather predictions indicate that these conditions will
most likely persist. In addition, the months of May, June, July, and August
have historically been high demand periods for the region that will put an
additional stress on aquifer levels.
Groundwater discharge at San Marcos Springs has been above 100 c.f.s. for
a number of months; however, increased demand of groundwater across the region
resulted in San Marcos Springs reaching 98 c.f.s. on April 30, 2000. In addition,
Comal Springs is also expected to reach 200 c.f.s. by the third week in May.
Figure 1 is a graph of groundwater elevations at the J-17 Index Well for
the previous nine months. A trend analysis of the data for the period between
November 1999 and mid April 2000 indicated that the aquifer would not drop
below 650 feet mean sea level (msl) during the high demand summer months.
An elevation of 650 feet msl in J-17 is approximately equal to 200 cfs at
Comal Springs. Generally, demand during the late fall and winter months decreases
and the aquifer levels rebound as recharge surpasses discharge. This trend
is indicated in Figure 1 for the October-November time period in 1999. However,
an unexpected acceleration in the rate of decline since April 16, 2000 has
indicated a much greater rate of decrease, with J-17 dropping below 650 feet
msl on April 30, 2000.
A reduction in aquifer demand through implementation of these rules at
this time will help limit the rate of decline of the aquifer and help mitigate
impacts of dry weather and groundwater demand on San Marcos and Comal Springs
until wetter and cooler weather returns.
For these reasons, these rules are adopted on an emergency basis because
the Authority finds that an imminent peril to public health, safety or welfare
and a requirement of federal law requires adoption of these rules on fewer
than 30 days' notice. As explained more fully above, declining aquifer and
springflow levels create an imminent peril to the well-being of federally-listed
species in Comal and San Marcos Springs. Congress, through the passage of
the ESA, has determined that protection of endangered species is of the utmost
importance to mankind.
It is in the best interests of mankind to minimize the losses of genetic
variations. The reason is simple: they are potential resources. They are keys
to puzzles which we cannot solve, and may provide answers to questions which
we have not yet learned to ask.1 (1 H.R. Rep. No. 93-412, 93d Cong., 1st Sess.,
pp. 4-5 (1973) (Committee report on statutory precursor to the ESA)).
Declining springflows, therefore, create an imminent threat to public health,
safety and welfare which requires adoption of these rules on fewer than 30
days' notice.
Further, based upon current aquifer conditions combined with the approach
of the typically "high-demand" months of May, June, July and August, springflow
rates and aquifer levels could continue to decline precipitously. The Authority
believes that quick implementation of the aquifer withdrawal reduction measures
mandated by these rules will reduce the likelihood of the need to impose more
draconian demand management measures at a later time, thereby averting negative
economic impacts and other threats to the public welfare in the region.
Finally, as explained more fully above, because dropping springflow levels
threaten the listed species at Comal and San Marcos Springs, federal law (the
"ESA") requires adoption of these rules on fewer than 30 days' notice.
The Authority has determined that a local employment impact statement ("LEIS"),
pursuant to §2001.022 of the TEXAS GOVERNMENT CODE, is not required for
the adoption of these emergency rules because the requirement to prepare an
LEIS is made explicitly inapplicable to the adoption of emergency rules pursuant
to TEXAS GOVERNMENT CODE §2001.022(g).
The Authority has determined that a regulatory impact analysis of major
environmental rules ("RIAMER"), pursuant to §2001.0225 of the TEXAS GOVERNMENT
CODE, is not required for the adoption of these emergency rules. This conclusion
has been reached for the following reasons: First, the requirements of §2001.0225
do not apply to rules proposed or adopted on an emergency basis to protect
the environment or to reduce risks to human health from environmental exposure.
The Authority has determined that a small business effects statement ("SBES"),
pursuant to Chapter 2006, subchapter A, TEXAS GOVERNMENT CODE, is not required
for the adoption of these emergency rules. The basis for this determination
is that the Act does not itself make the Authority subject to Chapter 2006,
and the Authority is not a "state agency" as that term is defined in §2006.001(3),
TEXAS GOVERNMENT CODE. Further, the Authority has determined that, as a matter
of law, chapter 2006, Subchapter A, is inapplicable to emergency rulemaking.
The Authority has determined that the preparation of a Takings Impact Assessment
("TIA") pursuant to Subchapter C, Chapter 2007, TEXAS GOVERNMENT CODE (the
"Property Rights Act") is not required in connection with the Authority's
adoption of these emergency rules. This determination has been reached for
the following reasons: First, the procedural requirements of the Property
Rights Act are incompatible with the requirements concerning emergency rulemaking
set forth in TEXAS GOVERNMENT CODE ANNOTATED §2001.034. In the event
of an unreconcilable conflict between two statutes, the more specific statue
(in this case, TEXAS GOVERNMENT CODE ANNOTATED §2001.034) prevails. Second,
all actions of the Authority are excluded from the Property Rights Act by
virtue of TEXAS GOVERNMENT CODE ANNOTATED §2007.003(b)(11)(C). Third,
the Authority's adoption of these emergency rules are actions reasonably taken
to fulfill an obligation mandated by state and federal law and is therefore
excluded from the Property Rights Act by virtue of TEXAS GOVERNMENT CODE ANNOTATED §2007.003(b)(4).
Finally, the Authority's adoption of these emergency rules is an action taken
in response to a real and substantial threat to public health and safety and
is therefore excluded from the Property Rights Act by virtue of TEXAS GOVERNMENT
CODE ANNOTATED §2007.003(b)(13).
Expedited Effective Date Notice
These emergency rules shall be effective immediately upon filing with the
Secretary of State and shall be effective for 120 days, unless renewed by
the Authority. Pursuant to §2001.034 and §2001.036 of the TEXAS
GOVERNMENT CODE and as explained more fully above, the Authority finds that
this expedited effective date is necessary because of imminent peril to the
public health, safety or welfare.
Subchapter A. DEFINITIONS
Part 20.
EDWARDS AQUIFER AUTHORITY