TITLE public-safety-and-corrections

Part III. Texas Youth Commission

Chapter 85. Admission and Placement

Subchapter B. Placement Planning

37 TAC §85.23

The Texas Youth Commission (TYC) proposes an amendment to §85.23, concerning classification. The amendment to the section will change the agency definition of the classifying offense for "participating in a riot" which continues to be classified as a Type B - violent offense. The revision allows certain activities by two or more rather than six or more youth to be considered a riot.

Terry Graham, Assistant Deputy Executive Director for Financial Support, has determined that for the first five-year period the section is in effect there will be no fiscal implications for state or local government as a result of enforcing or administering the section.

Mr. Graham also has determined that for each year of the first five years the section is in effect the public benefit anticipated as a result of enforcing the section will be increased security for youth and staff in TYC contract placements and TYC operated facilities. There will be no effect on small businesses. There is no anticipated economic cost to persons who are required to comply with the section as proposed. No private real property rights are affected by adoption of this rule.

Comments on the proposal may be submitted to Gail Graham, Policy and Manuals Manager, Texas Youth Commission, 4900 North Lamar, P.O. Box 4260, Austin, Texas 78765.

The amendment is proposed under the Human Resources Code, §61.075, concerning determination of treatment, which provides the Texas Youth Commission with the authority to order the child's confinement under conditions it believes best designed for the child's welfare and the interests of the public.

The proposed rule implements the Human Resource Code, §61.034.

§85.23. Classification.

(a)

Purpose. The purpose of this rule is to establish a system for classifying each youth admitted to TYC, which can be consistently applied and ensures consistent management of each youth.

(b)

Explanation of Terms Used.

(1)

Classification - the designation assigned each youth based on the youth's offense history, the classifying offense, and a finding regarding extenuating circumstances incident to the classifying offense. A youth who commits an offense while in TYC custody may be administratively reclassified through a Level I hearing.

(2)

Classifying Offense - the offense on which classification is based. It is the most serious of the relevant offenses documented in the youth's record. Relevant offenses are:

(A)

on commitment, the committing offense and any offense(s) for which the youth was on probation at the time of the committing offense; or

(B)

following a level I hearing, the offense(s) found at the hearing.

(3)

Committing Offense - the most serious of the offenses found at the youth's most recent judicial proceeding.

(4)

Most Serious Offense - the offense having the most severe consequences attached. The most serious offense is determined according to the following hierarchy, with each subsequent factor being considered only if two or more relevant offenses yield the same result under the preceding factor. If two or more offenses yield the same results through all steps of the hierarchy, determination of the most serious offense is left to the discretion of the staff assigning classification. The most serious offense is:

(A)

an offense which carries determinate sentence;

(B)

the offense for which the designated minimum length of stay will produce the longest time in the physical custody of TYC;

(C)

the offense which requires the highest level of restriction in placement;

(D)

the offense which carries the most severe criminal penalty; and

(E)

the most recently adjudicated offense.

(5)

Federal Offenses - youth who have committed federal offenses and are sent to TYC by Federal courts. If a committing and/or classifying offense is a violation of a federal statute, the offense will be treated as a violation of a state statute which prohibits the same conduct as the relevant federal statute. Federal violations will be identified by the code number assigned to the corresponding substantive state statute preceded by an "F".

(c)

Classification assignment is based on the policy in effect at the time a youth is classified or is reclassified as appropriate. Classification of youth currently classified shall not change when the criteria for classification changes.

(d)

Classifications.

(1)

Sentenced Offender. A sentenced offender is a youth committed to TYC pursuant to §54.04(d)(3) or §54.05(f) Family Code for offenses committed:

(A)

prior to January 1, 1996, for:

(i)

murder, 19.02, all;

(ii)

capital murder, 19.03, all;

(iii)

aggravated kidnapping, 20.04, all;

(iv)

aggravated sexual assault, 22.021, all;

(v)

deadly assault on a law enforcement officer, corrections officer, or court participant, 22.03, all;

(vi)

criminal attempt, 15.01, only if the offense attempted was Capital Murder (Sec.19.03).

(B)

on or after January 1, 1996, for an offense listed in subparagraph (A) of this paragraph or:

(i)

sexual assault, 22.011, all;

(ii)

aggravated assault, 22.02, all;

(iii)

aggravated robbery, 29.03, all;

(iv)

injury to a child, elderly individual, or disabled individual, 22.04, first, second or third degree felony only

(v)

deadly conduct, 22.05, felony only;

(vi)

aggravated or first degree controlled substances felony, subchapter D, Chapter 481 Health and Safety Code, aggravated or first degree felony only;

(vii)

criminal solicitation, 15.03, all;

(viii)

indecency with a child, 21.11, second degree felony only;

(ix)

criminal solicitation of a minor, 15.031, all;

(x)

criminal attempt, 15.01, only if offense attempted was a murder (sec. 19.02), indecency with a child (sec. 21.11(a)(1)), aggravated kidnapping (sec. 20.04), sexual assault 22.011(a)(2) upon a child only, aggravated sexual assault (sec. 22.021), aggravated robbery (sec. 29.03), or repeat conviction under Health and Safety Code 481.134(c), (d), (e), or (f);

(xi)

habitual felony conduct, as defined in Juvenile Justice Code, 51.031;

(C)

on or after September 1, 1997, for an offense listed in subparagraph (A) or (B) of this paragraph or: arson, 28.02, first degree felony only.

(2)

Type A - Violent Offender. A type A violent offender is a youth whose classifying offense is the commission, attempted commission, conspiracy to commit, solicitation, solicitation of a minor to commit, or engaging in organized criminal activity to commit one of the offenses listed in this paragraph and who has not been sentenced to commitment in TYC. TYC adopts the Texas Penal Code definition (Title 5) for each offense in its entirety except where TYC policy limits the applicability to the specific subsections or under the conditions named.

(A)

murder, 19.02, all;

(B)

capital murder, 19.03, all;

(C)

sexual assault, 22.011, all;

(D)

aggravated sexual assault, 22.021, all.

(3)

Type B - Violent Offender. A type B violent offender is a youth whose classifying offense is the commission, attempted commission, conspiracy to commit, solicitation, solicitation of a minor to commit, or engaging in organized criminal activity to commit one of the offenses listed in this paragraph and who has not been sentenced to commitment in TYC. TYC adopts the Texas Penal Code definition for each offense listed in (A- V [ U) ] of this subsection in its entirety except where TYC policy limits the applicability to specific subsections or under the conditions named.

(A)

manslaughter, 19.04, all;

(B)

criminally negligent homicide, 19.05, all;

(C)

unlawful restraint, 20.02, felony only;

(D)

kidnapping, 20.03, all;

(E)

aggravated kidnapping, 20.04, all;

(F)

assault, 22.01, felony only;

(G)

indecency with a child, 21.11, all;

(H)

sexual assault, 22.011, all (only for youth classified before July 1, 1996);

(I)

aggravated assault, 22.02, all;

(J)

aggravated sexual assault, 22.021, all (only for youth classified before July 1, 1996);

(K)

injury to child, elderly or disabled individual, 22.04, all;

(L)

abandoning or endangering a child, 22.041, all;

(M)

deadly conduct, 22.05, felony only;

(N)

terroristic threat, 22.07, felony only;

(O)

aiding suicide, 22.08, felony only;

(P)

tampering with a consumer product, 22.09, all;

(Q)

arson, 28.02, all;

(R)

robbery, 29.02, all;

(S)

aggravated robbery, 29.03, all;

(T)

burglary, 30.02, only with intent to commit any other type A or type B violent offense;

(U)

intoxication assault, 49.07, all;

(V)

intoxication manslaughter, 49.08, all;

(W)

intentionally participating with two [ six ] or more persons in conduct at a contract program or TYC operated facility that threatens imminent harm to [ endangers ] persons or property and substantially obstructs the performance of facility operations or a program therein ;

(X)

intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly causing bodily injury to a:

(i)

TYC employee;

(ii)

contract program employee;

(iii)

volunteer; or

(iv)

person who is providing contract services at a contract program or TYC operated facility.

(4)

Chronic Serious Offender. A chronic serious offender is a youth whose classifying offense is a felony and who has been found to have committed at least one felony in each of at least three separate and distinct due process hearings, where the second felony was committed after the disposition of the first felony and the third felony was committed after the disposition of the second felony.

(5)

Controlled Substances Dealer. A controlled substances dealer is a youth whose classifying offense is any felony grade offense defined as a manufacture or delivery offense under the Texas Controlled Substances Act, Chapter 481, Health and Safety Code.

(6)

Firearms Offender. A firearms offender is a youth whose classifying offense involved a finding by the court or TYC hearings examiner that the youth possessed a firearm during the offense. Classifying offenses for this classification are not limited to offenses specified in Chapter 46 of the Texas Penal Code.

(7)

Violator of CINS Probation. A violator of CINS probation is a youth who:

(A)

is committed for violating terms of probation by an act which would not be punishable by imprisonment or confinement in jail if committed by an adult; and

(B)

was on probation at the time of the probation revocation for no act more serious than Conduct Indicating a Need for Supervision (CINS) as defined in the Texas Family Code, Title 3.

(8)

General Offender. A general offender is a youth who is not eligible for any other classification.

(e)

Extenuating Circumstances.

(1)

A designated classification, except sentenced offender, may be waived and a less restrictive classification assigned by a TYC hearings examiner at a TYC Level I due process hearing when the hearings examiner finds extenuating circumstances.

(2)

Extenuating circumstances incident to a violent offense are those facts which indicate that the youth is not a significant danger to the physical or emotional well-being of another. Examples of such facts include, but are not limited to:

(A)

the youth was an indirect or passive participant in a violent act;

(B)

the youth set fire to an abandoned vehicle;

(C)

the youth engaged in consensual sexual intercourse with someone who was capable of appraising the nature of that act and of resisting it.

(3)

Extenuating circumstances incident to offenses other than violent offenses are those facts which explain a youth's conduct but do not constitute a legally-recognized defense to the conduct. Examples of such facts include, but are not limited to acts in which:

(A)

the only property involved in the offense was of minimal value and was returned undamaged to its owner;

(B)

the only bodily injury intended or inflicted by the youth consisted of brief or minor discomfort;

(C)

the youth's conduct was an impulsive response to perceived provocation and posed no threat to persons or property;

(D)

the youth was persuaded to participate in the offense by a parent or other authority figure.

(4)

When extenuating circumstances incident to the classifying offense are found, the designated classification may be waived.

This agency hereby certifies that the proposal has been reviewed by legal counsel and found to be within the agency's legal authority to adopt.

Filed with the Office of the Secretary of State, on March 1, 1999.

TRD-9901238

Steve Robinson

Executive Director

Texas Youth Commission

Earliest possible date of adoption: April 11, 1999

For further information, please call: (512) 424-6244


Chapter 95. Youth Discipline

Subchapter A. Disciplinary Practices

37 TAC §95.3

The Texas Youth Commission (TYC) proposes an amendment to §95.3, concerning rules of conduct, contraband and dress. The amendment to the section will add Participating in a Riot, as described in (GAP) §85.23 of this title (relating to classification), to the list of major rule violations in TYC youth rules of conduct. Other amendments to the rule specifically prohibit the wear and use of body piercing paraphernalia.

Terry Graham, Assistant Deputy Executive Director for Financial Support, has determined that for the first five-year period the section is in effect there will be no fiscal implications for state or local government as a result of enforcing or administering the section.

Mr. Graham also has determined that for each year of the first five years the section is in effect the public benefit anticipated as a result of enforcing the section will be safety and protection for youth placed in TYC facilities and TYC staff. There will be no effect on small businesses. There is no anticipated economic cost to persons who are required to comply with the section as proposed. No private real property rights are affected by adoption of this rule.

Comments on the proposal may be submitted to Gail Graham, Policy and Manuals Manager, Texas Youth Commission, 4900 North Lamar, P.O. Box 4260, Austin, Texas 78765.

The amendment is proposed under the Human Resources Code, §61.076, which provides the Texas Youth Commission with the authority to correct the socially harmful tendencies of a child committed to the commission by requiring modes of life and conduct that seem best adapted to fit the child for return to full liberty without danger to the public.

The proposed rule implements the Human Resource Code, §61.034.

§95.3. Rules of Conduct, Contraband and Dress.

(a)

Purpose. The purpose of this rule is to establish rules of conduct, contraband and dress youth will be expected to follow agencywide. Violations of the rules result in disciplinary consequences that are proportional to the severity and extent of the violation and follow appropriate due process.

(b)

Texas Youth Commission (TYC) facilities and programs shall maintain youth discipline to the extent necessary to keep order and provide a safe and constructive environment for youth, staff and visitors.

(c)

Rules in this policy may be restated in greater detail or otherwise adapted to accommodate a particular program in order to help clarify expected behavior in that program. All adapted or restated rules shall remain consistent with the general rules of conduct.

(d)

The rules are posted in a conspicuous area accessible to youth in each facility and program.

(e)

Rules of Conduct. It is a violation to knowingly violate or attempt to violate or help someone else violate any of the Rules of Conduct. Repeated violations of any rule of conduct will result in more serious disciplinary consequences.

(1)

A major rule violation is any of the following acts for which major consequences may be levied. Major consequences include referral to criminal court, disciplinary movement and/or reclassification and/or assignment of a minimum length of stay.

(A)

Violate any law of Texas or of the United States.

(B)

Escape or attempt escape, or abscond or attempt to abscond.

(C)

Cause physical pain or bodily injury to one's self or to another person.

(D)

Possess a weapon.

(E)

Inhale, ingest or otherwise consume or import into the body any controlled substance or intoxicant, or refuse to take a drug test.

(F)

Intentionally damage or destroy property which causes a loss of $100 or more.

(G)

Fail on two or more occasions to comply with the conditions of release under supervision and/or a written reasonable request of staff that is either present in the ICP or is validly related to previous high-risk behavior.

(H)

Participating in a Riot as set forth in (GAP) §85.23 of this title (relating to Classification.

(2)

Minor misbehavior is willful behavior, which breaks rules for which minor consequences, called on-site disciplinary consequences, may be levied. Minor consequences include loss of privileges, restriction, or confiscation of contraband. It is a minor misbehavior to: [ Minor misbehaviors are: ]

(A)

Take, use or damage property without proper permission.

(B)

Possess items instructed not to possess including contraband.

(C)

Be with someone told not to be with.

(D)

Threaten to cause harm to someone.

(E)

Engage in inappropriate physical or sexual contact.

(F)

Engage in tattooing [ self or other or ear ] or body piercing (including ears) of either self or others .

(G)

Engage in setting a fire without permission from staff.

(H)

Lend, borrow, or trade personal property without permission from staff.

(I)

Curse or use disrespectful language or behavior toward another.

(J)

Fail to report to someone in authority when told to do so.

(K)

Enter restricted areas without proper permission.

(L)

Use or possess tobacco in places where it is prohibited.

(M)

Disrupt an authorized activity.

(N)

Deliberately disobey a reasonable request of staff.

(O)

Miss scheduled activities or curfew time.

(P)

Gamble.

(Q)

Fail to follow the dress code.

(R)

Fail to report others' misconduct.

(f)

Contraband. Consistent with the Rules of Conduct, youth in a residential program which is under contract to TYC or operated by TYC shall not have contraband. Contraband items will be confiscated and disposed of in accordance with (GAP) §97.11 of this title (relating to Disposition of Unauthorized Items Seized). Contraband includes:

(1)

anything which it is a crime to possess under municipal ordinances or state or federal law, (including solvent inhalants, drugs, and alcohol);

(2)

narcotics paraphernalia;

(3)

items which can be used, made, or adapted to use as weapons;

(4)

pictures which depict sexually explicit male or female nudity or sexual acts, including magazines or periodicals which routinely publish such pictures;

(5)

items such as posters or clothing with slogans, mottos or emblems which are obscene, advocate illegal or immoral conduct, hold individuals or groups up to ridicule, or reinforce delinquent subcultural values, or in any way disrupt programs or activities; and

(6)

money in excess of the amount permitted by facility rules.

(g)

Dress Code. Any youth in a residential program operated by TYC must dress in accordance with these rules.

(1)

Clothing will be clean, fit properly, and be appropriate to the activity at all times.

(2)

Undergarments must be worn and must not show. Females will wear bras.

(3)

Patches, embroidery, buttons, and writing on clothing must not signify anything about drugs, alcohol, sex, obscene language, violent acts, or show disrespect to any group or class of people.

(4)

Shoes or acceptable footwear will be worn as appropriate to the activity at all times.

(5)

Boys will not wear earrings ; girls may, in some facilities, be allowed to wear earrings. No youth are allowed to wear piercing paraphernalia otherwise .

(h)

Hair.

(1)

All males in TYC residential programs or contract residential programs are required to wear their hair in a standardized style.

(2)

Hair should be clean and well groomed.

(3)

Youth must be clean shaven.

(i)

Symbolic Expression. A facility superintendent/facility administrator may adopt rules for the facility to prohibit any symbolic expression(s) that have been shown to precipitate violent behavior which endangers the safety of youth, staff or visitors at the facility. All rules adopted by a facility administrator and approved by the appropriate director of juvenile corrections must be clearly communicated to each youth and posted at the same place as other rules set out in this policy.

This agency hereby certifies that the proposal has been reviewed by legal counsel and found to be within the agency's legal authority to adopt.

Filed with the Office of the Secretary of State, on March 1, 1999.

TRD-9901240

Steve Robinson

Executive Director

Texas Youth Commission

Earliest possible date of adoption: April 11, 1999

For further information, please call: (512) 424-6244


Chapter 97. Security and Control

Subchapter A. Security and Control

37 TAC §§97.1, 97.21, 97.23, 97.25, 97.27, 97.37

The Texas Youth Commission (TYC) proposes amendments to §§97.1, 97.21, 97.23, 97.25, 97.27, and 97.37, concerning Facility Security, Approved Restraint Equipment, Use of Force, Use of Force: Chemical Agent OC, Riot Control, and Security Unit.

The amendments to §97.1 Facility Security will correct a reference to reflect a change of title to section §97.25.

The amendments to §97.21 Approved Restraint Equipment will add to the list of approved restraint equipment a convex curved shield which will be used for protecting staff and controlling youth who are out of control and a restraint bed used to restrain youth primarily to prevent self harm.

The amendments to §97.23 Use of Force will add chemical agents to the list of approved types of control devices.

The amendments to §97.25 Use Of Force: Chemical Agent OC limit the chemical agent addressed in this section to pepper spray, oleoresin capsicum (OC).

The amendments to §97.27 Riot Control add a definition of riot at a TYC facility and state that only the facility administrator or acting facility administrator may declare a particular situation to be a riot. Once declared, certain procedures intended to regain control may be implemented including the use of tear gas orthochlorobenzalmalononitrile (CS), a chemical agent. Should a riot escalate, staff is authorized to increase levels of support from TYC staff and other agencies.

The amendments to §97.37 Security Unit will clarify that self referrals by TYC youth to placement in a security unit at an institutional facility may be suspended during a period of unrest.

Terry Graham, Assistant Deputy Executive Director for Financial Support, has determined that for the first five-year period the section is in effect there will be no fiscal implications for state or local government as a result of enforcing or administering the section.

Mr. Graham also has determined that for each year of the first five years the section is in effect the public benefit anticipated as a result of enforcing the section will be security and protection for the general public, youth committed to TYC and TYC staff. There will be no effect on small businesses. There is no anticipated economic cost to persons who are required to comply with the section as proposed. No private real property rights are affected by adoption of this rule.

Comments on the proposal may be submitted to Gail Graham, Policy and Manuals Manager, Texas Youth Commission, 4900 North Lamar, P.O. Box 4260, Austin, Texas 78765.

The amendments are proposed under the Human Resources Code, §61.075, concerning determination of treatment, which provides the Texas Youth Commission with the authority to determine the appropriate treatment/restriction of youth in custody and to order the child's confinement under conditions it believes best designed for the child's welfare and the interests of the public.

The proposed rules implement the Human Resource Code, §61.034, which provides the Texas Youth Commission with the authority to adopt policies and make rules appropriate to the proper accomplishment of its functions.

§97.1. Facility Security.

(a)

Purpose. The purpose of this rule is to establish minimum safety and security requirements for TYC operated facilities where youth reside.

(b)

Applicability. This rule does not specify fire prevention or facility maintenance requirements. See the agency Risk Management manual.

(c)

Weapons are not permitted in any TYC facility or on any facility grounds except [ in ] when carried by a law enforcement officer who is responding to a call by TYC in an emergency situation at the facility. Weapons are permitted in the personal residence of staff who live adjacent to the campus.

(d)

Chemical agents may be used only to the extent necessary to ensure the safety and welfare of youth and staff in accordance with (GAP) §97.25 of this title (relating to Use of Force: Chemical Agent OC [ Agents ]).

(e)

Under no circumstances shall a stimulant, tranquilizer or psychotropic drug be administered for the purpose of program management and control, or for experimentation and research.

(f)

Facilities shall ensure access to the necessary equipment to maintain essential light and a system of communication within the facility and between the facility and the community for use in an emergency.

§97.21. Approved Restraint Equipment.

(a)

Purpose. The purpose of this rule is to provide for the use of specific, approved equipment and chemical agents which may be used by staff in the physical restraint [ and ] of youth who are out of control.

(b)

Applicability.

(1)

Mechanical restraint may be employed only in compliance with (GAP) §97.23 of this title (relating to Use of Force).

(2)

Chemical agent may be employed only in compliance with (GAP) §97.25 of this title (relating to Use of Force: Chemical Agents and (GAP) §97.27 of this title (relating to Riot Control).

(c)

Texas Youth Commission (TYC) staff may use only agency approved equipment or chemical agent for the purpose of restraint and may use such equipment or agent only in a manner consistent with its intended purpose.

(d)

Restrictions.

(1)

Devices must be applied properly. A device must not be secured so tightly as to interfere with circulation nor so loosely as to permit chafing of the skin.

(2)

Restraint devices may not be secured to any stationary object except as provided in using full body restraint. Prohibitions include:

(A)

restraining in a standing position to a fixed object.

(B)

attaching any approved restraint equipment to any part of a vehicle during transportation.

(3)

Youth in restraints may not be secured to another youth.

(e)

Approved Equipment. The following restraint devices and chemical agents are approved for use by TYC staff. All other devices are specifically disapproved.

(1)

Handcuffs - Metal (not plastic) devices fastened around the wrist to restrain free movement of the hands and arms.

(2)

Wristlets - A cloth or leather band fastened around the wrist or arm and which may be secured to a waist belt.

(3)

Anklets - A cloth or leather band fastened around the ankle or leg.

(4)

Ankle Cuffs - Metal, cloth or leather band or device fastened around the ankle to restrain free movement of the legs. Handcuffs may not be used to cuff the ankles.

(5)

Plastic Cuffs - Plastic devices fastened around the wrist or legs to restrain free movement of hands, arms or legs. Use is authorized only in case of riot. See (GAP) §97.27 of this title (relating to Riot Control).

(6)

Locked Waist Band - A cloth, leather, or metal band fastened around the waist. The belt is used to secure the arms to the sides or front of the body.

(7)

Padlocks or Key Locks - Locks used to secure handcuffs, wristlets, anklets and ankle cuffs.

(8)

Mittens - A cloth, plastic, foam rubber, or leather hand covering fastened around the wrist or lower arm. Acceptable fasteners include elastic, Velcro, ties, paper tape, pull strings.

(9)

Helmets - A plastic, foam rubber, or leather head covering. If appropriate, a face guard may be attached to the helmet. The device must be proper size for the youth, and the chin strap should not be so tight as to interfere with circulation.

(10)

Shield - A concave plastic shield normally identified as a riot shield equipped with handles or holding straps on the inside and/or a convex plastic shield identified as a capture or containment shield equipped with handles or holding straps on the outside.

(11)

Chemical Agents - Oleoresin Capsicum (OC), also known as pepper spray, and Orthochlorobenzalmalononitrile (CS), also known as tear gas, and various chemical delivery systems, as authorized.

(12)

Full Body Restraint Bed - A bed equipped with cloth or leather mechanical restraint straps/devices to secure a person on a bed, face upward.

§97.23. Use of Force.

(a)

Purpose. The purpose of this rule is to provide:

(1)

criteria for using physical or mechanical force when necessary to control a volatile situation; and

(2)

restrictions and guidelines to promote safety of youth and staff. Force is used as a last resort and only when necessary. When use of physical force is necessary, it should be measured and progressive in nature, however, when impractical, the amount and type of force necessary to control violence should be used. Measured and progressive force may be impractical when it would likely result in injury to youth and staff.

(b)

Applicability. For rules controlling use of chemical agents, see [ This rule does not allow for the use of chemical agents. See ] (GAP) §97.25 of this title (relating to Use of Force: Chemical Agent OC [ agents ]) and (GAP) §97.27 of this title (relating to riot control).

(c)

Explanation of Terms Used.

(1)

Force - Any physical contact exerted upon a person to compel or arrest bodily movement.

(2)

Physical Restraint - Use of a person's physical exertion to completely or partially constrain another person's bodily movement.

(3)

Escort - The physical force used to cause the movement of a person from one location to another.

(4)

Mechanical Restraint - Use of a mechanical device(s) to aid in the restriction of a person's bodily movement.

(5)

Full Body Restraint - The use of cloth or leather mechanical restraint devices to secure a person on a bed in the security unit, face upward. (Permitted only in the TYC institutions and in contract facilities approved by the executive director or designee.)

(6)

Chemical agents - The chemical agents approved for TYC use.

(d)

Force. Types of force approved for TYC use according to criteria and other limitations are physical restraint, chemical agents, escort, mechanical restraint, and full body restraint.

(e)

[ (d) ] Criteria for Use. Force may be used only as a last resort and only as a control measure to ensure the safety and welfare of youth and staff. The use of force (to restrain or compel movement) shall be limited to instances of:

(1)

protection of the youth from imminent self-harm; (Including the administration of medical treatment in a situation that is life threatening and/or youth is engaging in imminently serious self-injurious behavior).

(2)

self-protection from imminent harm.

(3)

protection of third parties from imminent harm; (including resistance to search for contraband in compliance with (GAP) §97.09 of this title (relating to Search).

(4)

prevention of imminent property damage.

(5)

prevention of escape/[ abscondence ] abscond or attempted escapes (including transportation, when circumstances create a risk of escape/[ abscondence ] abscond or harm).

(6)

movement of a referred youth to the security/detention unit or alternative education classroom. A youth may also be moved within the security or detention unit when the youth's behavior is substantially disruptive and the youth refuses to follow a reasonable order of the security/detention staff.

(f)

[ (e) ] Restrictions.

(1)

Force shall not be used as punishment, discipline, or as a convenience for staff.

(2)

Staff, not youth, shall be solely responsible for the exercise of force and restraint.

(3)

Staff shall use the amount and type of force necessary to control the situation except when a staff member is acting alone in which case he/she shall not be expected to use force or restraint when the risk of harm presented by the youth's conduct does not outweigh the possible risk of harm to youth or staff which would likely result if the staff acted alone.

(4)

When physical or mechanical restraint is employed, staff shall ensure the youth's safety by ensuring adequate respiration and circulation, providing continuous visual supervision, and providing assistance as appropriate until the restraint is terminated.

(5)

Physical force should be used as a last resort and only when necessary. When use of physical force is necessary, it should be measured and progressive in nature, however, when measured and progressive use is impractical, the amount and type of force necessary to control violence should be used. Physical restraint may be impractical when to do so would likely result in injury to staff.

(6)

A physical or mechanical restraint, other than during transportation or a riot shall be terminated within a short period of time unless the youth is exhibiting or threatening to continue behaviors which justify the use of restraint. If continued restraint is justified, restraint must be terminated when the youth's behavior ceases to pose a threat or if used during transportation, when the destination is reached.

(g)

[ (f) ] Use of Restraints During Transportation.

(1)

Transportation by the Transportation Unit. Mechanical wrist and ankle restraints shall be used routinely during transportation by the transportation unit to prevent escape or violent behavior and to ensure the safety of the youth and the community.

(2)

Transportation by Other Than the Transportation Unit.

(A)

Mechanical ankle restraints shall be used during transportation when a youth is being transported to a high restriction program.

(B)

Mechanical wrist restraints may also be used when a youth's behavior prior to or during transportation leads staff to believe the youth is likely to attempt to escape/abscond, engage in violent behavior, or harm himself if not restrained.

§97.25. Use of Force: Chemical Agent OC .

(a)

Purpose. The purpose of this rule is to establish criteria and rules for the use of OC (pepper spray) as a use of force [ chemical agents ] by TYC staff to prevent or control an incident.

(b)

Applicability.

(1)

This rule applies to authorized facilities [ institutions ].

(2)

This rule does not apply to the use of CS (tear gas). See (GAP) §97.27 of this title (relating to Riot Control).

(3)

[ (2) ] This rule does not apply to the use of chemical agents by TYC apprehension specialists. See (GAP) §97.75 of this title (relating to Peace Officer: Continuum of Force).

(c)

Oleoresin Capsicum (OC, Pepper Spray). Oleoresin Capsicum (OC), also known as pepper spray, may be used in a riot and other situations consistent with criteria and rules in this section.

(d)

[ (c) ] Criteria For Use.

(1)

The chemical agent OC [ Chemical agents ] may be used [ only ] when:

(A)

the criteria for use of force has been met in accordance with (GAP) §97.23 of this title (relating to Use of Force); and

(B)

the use of physical restraint, under the circumstances, would likely result in injury to the staff or others; and

(C)

verbal commands to stop are ineffective or impractical.

(2)

OC [ Chemical agents ] may not by used when the youth:

(A)

is physically restrained or otherwise under control; or

(B)

has been identified as having respiratory problems, diseases, or conditions which would make use of chemical agents dangerous, unless necessary to prevent loss of life or serious bodily injury; or

(C)

has been assigned to a mental health treatment program or has been identified by mental health professional as having a psychiatric condition or mental health diagnosis that would contraindicate the use of chemical agents until the mental health professional has been given the opportunity to establish control unless use of OC [ it ] is necessary to prevent loss of life, or serious bodily injury.

(e)

[ (d) ] Restrictions.

(1)

OC [ Chemical agents ] shall not be used as a form of punishment. Employees in violation will be subject to disciplinary action.

(2)

OC [ Chemical agents ] may be used in contracted programs or TYC operated facilities and only in those facilities individually authorized for use by the executive director.

(3)

Only [ TYC ] staff who have received appropriate training in the use of OC [ chemical agents ] and who have been approved by the facility administrator may use OC. [ chemical agents. ]

(4)

Use of OC [ a chemical agent ] must be approved by the facility administrator or designee prior to application except in an emergency. In an emergency, where prior authorization is not possible, the staff member employing a chemical agent shall justify such use following the action.

(5)

Immediately following decontamination [ the incident, ] the medical staff will examine and if necessary, treat youth and staff exposed to the agent.

§97.27. Riot Control.

(a)

Purpose. The purpose of this rule is to establish [ limitations and exceptions to actions, ] response rules and guidelines, which may be taken by staff as necessary in order to control a riot condition at a Texas Youth Commission (TYC) operated or contracted facility.

(b)

Applicability.

(1)

This policy shall apply only in the event that the facility administrator of a TYC operated or a contract facility declares that a riot exists.

(2)

Other sections in effect during riot conditions:

(A)

[ (1) ] (GAP) §97.23 of this title (relating to Use of Force);

(B)

[ (2) ] (GAP) §97.21 of this title (relating to Approved [ Mechanical ] Restraint Equipment); and

(C)

[ (3) ] (GAP) §97.25 of this title (relating to Use of Force: Chemical Agent OC [ Agents ]).

(c)

Explanation of Terms Used. Riot - a situation in which two or more persons at a contract program or TYC operated facility intentionally participate in conduct that threatens imminent harm to persons or property and substantially obstructs the performance of facility operations or a program therein.

(d)

Only the facility administrator or staff having authority to act as the facility administrator may declare that a particular situation is a riot, consistent with the definition of a riot. Staff action beyond actions described in other official rules may be taken only following the facility administrator's or acting facility administrator's declaration that a riot condition exists.

(e)

[ (c) ] The [ Texas Youth Commission (TYC) ] staff will take the steps reasonably necessary to regain control and terminate a riot occurring on a [ TYC ] facility campus with as few injuries as possible.

(f)

[ (d) ] Use of Force.

(1)

Force may be used [ only ] in accordance with (GAP) §97.23 of this title (relating to Use of Force), (GAP) §97.21 of this title (relating to Approved [ Mechanical ] Restraint Equipment), and (GAP) §97.25 of this title (relating to Use of Force: Chemical Agent OC [ Agents ]) unless specifically stated otherwise in this section.

(2)

Orthochlorobenzalmalononitrile (CS), also known as tear gas, may be used only in a riot situation. Oleoresin Capsicum (OC), also known as pepper spray, may be used in a riot and other situations consistent with (GAP) §97.25 of this title (relating to Use of Force: Chemical Agent OC).

(3)

[ (2) ] Plastic restraints may be used at any TYC institution if necessary to control youth during a riot when a sufficient number of metal cuffs are not readily available.

(4)

The Emergency Response Team (ERT) may be employed. The ERT is composed of 20-25 staff who are trained and highly specialized to respond to various emergencies including riots and disturbances, and who may also provide additional support during facility escapes. The ERT may be deployed only at the discretion of the facility superintendent or designee.

(g)

Response to Riots. The status of the emergency shall be described in terms of the following categories and continually upgraded or downgraded as appropriate.

(1)

Category 1. The incident can be controlled and contained by on-duty personnel.

(2)

Category 2. The incident cannot be controlled and contained by on-duty personnel requiring the assistance of off-duty personnel.

(3)

Category 3. The incident cannot be controlled and contained by institutional staff requiring the assistance of intra-agency personnel, local law enforcement, and/or fire fighting units.

(4)

Category 4. The incident cannot be controlled and contained by institutional, intra-agency and local mutual aid personnel and requires the assistance of state law enforcement and/or military units.

(h)

Approved Riot Equipment and Gear. Staff may act using only equipment approved for use during a riot and only following training in the appropriate procedures and use of such equipment. Approved for use during a riot:

(1)

Chemical Agent Forms.

(A)

canisters of chemical agents CS and OC

(B)

cartridges of chemical agents CS and OC

(C)

pepper fog formulation for the pepper fogger (OC)

(2)

Delivery Systems.

(A)

37 mm gas gun

(B)

Pepper Fogger

(3)

Protective Equipment including, but not limited to:

(A)

protective helmet

(B)

protective vest

(C)

protective Plexiglas shield

(D)

protective elbow pads

(E)

protective knee pads

[ (e)

Outside Assistance. Law enforcement assistance may be requested at the discretion of the superintendent/facility administrator.]

§97.37. Security Unit.

(a)

Purpose. The purpose of this rule is to:

(1)

establish criteria for segregating youth from the general population who are out of control or who request the placement. Such youth are placed into a secure setting which is controlled exclusively by staff. Each TYC operated high restriction facility provides for a security unit. Placement in the security unit is a serious and extreme measure which may be imposed only in specific situations for short periods of time; and

(2)

establish minimum program requirements for the security unit.

(b)

Applicability. This rule does not apply to:

(1)

the use of the same or adjacent space for a longer term program for the management of assaultive behavior. See (GAP) §87.81 of this title (relating to Special Management and Treatment Program).

(2)

the use of the same or adjacent space when used specifically as a detention facility. See (GAP) §97.41 of this title (relating to Detention).

(c)

Criteria for Admission to the Security Unit. A youth may be confined in the security unit:

(1)

when there are reasonable grounds to believe, based upon overt acts, that the youth is a serious and continuing escape risk; or

(2)

when the youth is a serious and immediate physical danger to himself or herself or others and staff cannot protect the youth or others except by referring the youth to security; or

(3)

when the confinement is necessary to prevent imminent and substantial destruction of property; or

(4)

to restrain behavior that creates substantial disruption of the routine of the facility; or

(5)

upon the youth's own request. The self referral criterion may be suspended by the superintendent or designee during a period of unrest.

(d)

Restrictions.

(1)

The security unit shall not be used for retribution at any time.

(2)

A youth shall not remain in the security unit more than 24 hours solely on the basis of the behavior for which he was admitted to the security unit.

(3)

No minimum length of time in the security unit shall be imposed.

(4)

Doors of individual security rooms will be locked following a youth's admission to the security unit and placement in an individual room.

(e)

Extended Stay.

(1)

A youth's stay in the security unit may be extended beyond the 24 hours if there are reasonable grounds to believe that one of the admission criteria is occurring or will occur if the youth is released.

(2)

Extended security confinement due process protections will be provided to youth who remain in the security unit longer than 24 hours.

(f)

Program Requirements.

(1)

Youth in the security unit shall be provided psychological, medical, and educational services as well as supervised large muscle activity.

(2)

Youth shall be provided the same food including snacks prepared in the same manner as for other youth except as special diets may be prescribed on an individual basis by medical personnel.

This agency hereby certifies that the proposal has been reviewed by legal counsel and found to be within the agency's legal authority to adopt.

Filed with the Office of the Secretary of State, on March 1, 1999.

TRD-9901239

Steve Robinson

Executive Director

Texas Youth Commission

Earliest possible date of adoption: April 11, 1999

For further information, please call: (512) 424-6244