TITLE natural-resources-and-conservation

Part I. General Land Office

Chapter 15. Coastal Area Planning

Subchapter A. Management of the Beach/Dune System

31 TAC §15.11

The General Land Office (Land Office) adopts an amendment to §15.11(b)(1) relating to the conditional certification of the City of Galveston's (City's) dune protection and beach access plan (Plan) under the state rules for Management of the Beach/Dune System (beach/dune rules), 31 TAC §§15.1-15.10. The Land Office adopts this amendment to §15.11(b)(1) with changes to the proposed text of the rule as published in the October 31, 1997, issue of the Texas Register (22 TexReg 10617).

This amendment is in response to an amendment of the City's conditionally certified Plan. City Ordinance Number 97-80, Sept. 30, 1997 (fibercrete ordinance). The City has requested that the Land Office certify a Plan amendment that includes a variance from the prohibitions and requirements of §§15.4(c)(8), 15.5(b)(3), and 15.6(f)(3) of the beach/dune rules. Section 15.4(c)(8) prohibits the construction of concrete slabs or other impervious surfaces within 200 feet landward of the natural line of vegetation. Section 15.5(b)(3) prohibits a local government from issuing a beachfront construction certificate if the construction includes a proposal to build a concrete slab or other impervious surface within 200 feet landward of the line of vegetation or within the eroding area boundary, whichever distance is greater. Section 15.6(f)(3) applies to construction in eroding areas and provides that a local government may allow a permittee to alter or pave only the ground within the footprint of the habitable structure only if the alteration or paving will be entirely undertaken, constructed, and located landward of 200 feet landward from the line of vegetation or landward of an eroding area boundary established in the local dune protection and beach access plan, whichever distance is greater.

The City has amended its Plan to: (1) prohibit the paving or altering of the ground below the lowest habitable floor in the area between the line of vegetation and 25 feet landward of the north toe of the dune; and (2) allow only the use of unreinforced fibercrete in 4 feet by 4 feet sections, no more than 4 inches thick and separated by expansion joists or pervious materials, in the area 25 feet landward of the north toe of the dune to 200 feet landward of the line of vegetation. The City has also instituted a $200 fibercrete maintenance fee that will be used to pay for the cleanup of fibercrete from the public beaches should the need arise.

The City has submitted to the Land Office a reasoned justification demonstrating how the fibercrete variance will: (1) advance the public interest; and (2) provide an equal or better level of protection or equal or better procedures than provided under the beach/dune rules. The Land Office finds that the variance requested by the City and the City's reasoned justification for the variance meet the requirements for a variance under §15.3(o)(6) of the beach/dune rules.

The City has not completed the modification of its plan consistent with the Land Office's comments of October 14, 1993. Therefore, the conditional certification of the City's Plan is reissued and continued for another 180 days from the effective date of this certification. Comments on the proposed certification were submitted by the City, the Office of the Attorney General, and the Houston and Galveston Chapters of the Sierra Club. The City pointed out that a variance also was requested regarding the provisions of §15.6(f)(3), relating to construction in eroding areas, as well as §15.4(c)(8), relating to prohibited actions under the dune protection standards, and §15.5(b)(3), relating to prohibition of certification under the beachfront construction standards. The City's original request also applied to §15.6(f)(3), and the Land Office regrets unintentionally omitting the reference to §15.6(f)(3) from the proposed certification. The Land Office considered the requested variance from §15.6(f)(3) when reviewing the City's reasoned justification but neglected to include a citation to §15.6(f)(3) in the text of the proposed certification. Section 15.11(b)(1)(B) has been modified in response to this comment.

The Houston and Galveston Chapters of the Sierra Club (HGSC) stated that the proposed certification ". . . is not fair to other coastal dwellers and is an abrogation of uniform state standards." Section 15.3(o) of the beach/dune rules, relating to administration, was recently amended to provide local governments with a process for requesting a variance from specific provisions of the beach/dune rules. The Land Office may only grant such a variance if a local government submits a reasoned justification demonstrating that the requested variance will provide either or, where appropriate, both an equal or better level of protection of dunes, dune vegetation, and public access to and use of the public beach than provided under the beach/dune rules or equal or better procedures for evaluating the impacts identified in an application for a permit or certificate on dunes, dune vegetation, and public access to and use of the public beach. Furthermore, at its November 12, 1997, meeting, the Coastal Coordination Council certified as consistent with the goals and policies of the Texas Coastal Management Program the amendment to §15.3(o), providing for variances from the uniform standards of the beach/dune rules. See 31 TAC §505.23. Under the provisions of §15.3(o) the City requested a variance from the requirements of §§15.4(c)(8), 15.5(b)(3), and 15.6(f)(3) and submitted a reasoned justification supporting the requested variance. No change was made in response to this comment.

The Office of the Attorney General (OAG) said that ". . . it is not evident . . . how the variance will provide equal or better protection than provided under current beach/dune rules . . ." and that " the City's justification for the use of fibercrete appears to focus mainly on the economy and ease in cleaning up fibercrete, as well as the aesthetics and economy in using the product." The City offered several reasons to justify the fibercrete ordinance and the requested variance. First, the City explained that the clean-up of fibercrete would be quicker, easier, and more economical than the clean-up of brick pavers which are allowed under the beach/dune rules and that the use of fibercrete will not impact the beach/dune system in any greater manner than will materials currently permitted under the beach/dune rules. Second, the City established the fibercrete maintenance fee to pay for the clean-up of fibercrete from the public beach. Finally, the City has established specific conditions for its Beachfront Construction and Dune Protection Permits to ensure that the fibercrete paving is installed in a manner that minimizes adverse impacts to dunes and dune vegetation. No change was made in response to this comment.

The HGSC stated that the proposed amendment ignores the operation of coastal ecosystems and will reduce the ability of dunes to rebuild and recover from normal and storm erosion. The provisions affected by this proposal - §§15.4(c)(8), 15.5(b)(3), and 15.6(f)(3) - apply only to the construction of concrete slabs and other impervious surfaces. This amendment does not affect the obligation under §15.4(f) to avoid, minimize, and mitigate all adverse effects to dunes and dune vegetation to the greatest extent practicable. Thus, if a proposed project using fibercrete has an adverse effect on dunes and dune vegetation, impairing the operation of coastal ecosystems and the ability of the dunes to rebuild and recover from erosion, then the project sponsor has an obligation under §15.4(f)(3) to mitigate for the adverse effect, replacing the affected dunes and dune vegetation at not less than a 1:1 ratio. No change was made in response to this comment.

The OAG commented that the City's justification does not address ". . . how fibercrete acts in allowing percolation of water or preventing concentrated runoff from rain . . . ." The City's Plan requires that fibercrete be installed in 4 feet by 4 feet sections separated by expansion joints or pervious materials. The expansion joints and pervious materials will allow percolation and disperse runoff. The City's justification also provides that an applicant for a Beachfront Construction and Dune Protection Permit is required to provide City staff with plans for drainage to the nearest landward public right-of-way. Furthermore, §15.4(d) and §15.6(g), which require that impacts to natural hydrology be minimized, as well as the mitigation requirements under §15.4(f), remain in effect. No change was made in response to this comment.

The OAG commented that there is no apparent rationale for changing the pervious surfacing driveway requirement for applicants in eroding areas 200 feet landward of the line of vegetation and beyond. Beyond 200 feet landward of the line of vegetation, it is less likely that a concrete slab or other pervious surface will become beach debris due to erosion. Should the surfacing become beach debris, the City may access the fibercrete maintenance fee to pay for the debris removal. No change was made in response to this comment.

The OAG expressed concern that the City's standard for using the funds collected from the fibercrete maintenance fee for the removal of fibercrete from the public beaches is not clear. The HGSC also objected to the fibercrete maintenance fee, commenting that the fee would be inadequate to pay for the removal of fibercrete debris. The City intends that the fibercrete maintenance fee serve as a reserve fund. Individual property owners have the primary responsibility for removing any fibercrete debris from the public beaches. Second, following a storm, federal, state, and local emergency funds may be available to remove fibercrete and other debris from the public beaches. Finally, after these resources have been exhausted, the City will use the fibercrete maintenance fee to remove any remaining fibercrete debris from the public beaches. Furthermore, the City has estimated that it will cost $1,200.00 to break-up and remove one 2,000 square foot fibercrete slab. No change was made in response to these comments.

The OAG commented that the reasoned justification and method for calculating the fibercrete maintenance fee are not clear given that the fee may apply both to proposals for paving 200 square feet or 2,000 square feet. HGSC also commented that the fee should be scaled so that the fee is greater for projects that cause more damage. The $200 fibercrete maintenance fee is applied to all beachfront construction projects, distributing the risk that the City may be required to remove debris resulting from any one project. No change was made in response to this comment.

Finally, HGSC stated that it is "ridiculous" to allow construction up to 25 feet from the line of vegetation in the critically hazard beach and dune area. As noted above, the proposed amendment does not alter the obligation under §15.4(f) to avoid, minimize, and mitigate adverse effects to dunes and dune vegetation. Furthermore, there is nothing under the beach/dune rules that prohibits construction up to 25 feet from the line of vegetation. No change was made in response to this comment.

Persons commenting for the amendment: City of Galveston. Persons commenting against the amendment: Office of the Attorney General and Houston and Galveston Chapters of the Sierra Club.

The Land Office has prepared a takings impact assessment for the adoption of this amendment and determined that adoption of this amendment will not result in a taking of private real property. To receive a copy of the takings impact assessment, please send a written request to Ms. Sylvia Sissom, Texas General Land Office, Legal Services Division, 1700 North Congress Avenue, Room 626, Austin, Texas 78701-1495, facsimile number 512/463-6311.

The certification of a local government beach access or dune protection plan is an action subject to the Texas Coastal Management Program. The Land Office has reviewed this proposed action for consistency with the Texas Coastal Management Program (CMP) goals and policies in accordance with the regulations of the Coastal Coordination Council, and has determined that the proposed action is consistent with the applicable CMP goals and policies.

The amendment is proposed under Texas Natural Resources Code, §61.011 and §61.015(b), which provide the Land Office with the authority to preserve and enhance public beach access; Texas Natural Resource Code, §63.121, which provides the Land Office with the authority to identify and protect critical dune areas; Texas Natural Resource Code, §33.601, which provides the Land Office with the authority to adopt rules on erosion; and Texas Water Code, §16.321, which provides the Land Office with the authority to adopt rules on coastal flood protection.

§15.11.Certification of Local Government Dune Protection and Beach Access Plans.

(a)

(No change.)

(b)

Conditional certification of local government plans. The following local governments have submitted plans to the General Land Office which are conditionally certified as consistent with state law.

(1)

City of Galveston (adopted August 12, 1993, amended September 30, 1997).

(A)

This certification is valid for 180 days, during which time the City of Galveston will modify its plan consistent with the General Land Office comments submitted to the City of Galveston (October 14, 1993).

(B)

This certification includes a variance from §§15.4(c)(8), 15.5(b)(3), and 15.6(f)(3) of this title, (relating to Dune Protection Standards, Beachfront Construction Standards, and Concurrent Dune Protection and Beachfront Construction Standards). The City of Galveston's plan:

(i)

provides that paving or altering the ground below the lowest habitable floor is prohibited in the area between the line of vegetation and 25 feet landward of the north toe of the dune;

(ii)

provides that paving used under the habitable structure and for a driveway connecting the habitable structure and the street is limited to the use of unreinforced fibercrete in 4 feet by 4 feet sections, which shall be a maximum of four inches thick with sections separated by expansion joists, or pervious materials approved by the City Department of Planning and Transportation, in that area 25 feet landward of the north toe of the dune to 200 feet landward of the line of vegetation;

(iii)

assesses a "Fibercrete Maintenance Fee" of $200.00 to be used to pay for the clean-up of fibercrete from the public beaches, should the need arise; and

(iv)

allows the use of reinforced concrete in that area landward of 200 feet from the line of vegetation.

(2)-(3)

(No change.)

(c)-(f)

(No change.)

This agency hereby certifies that the adoption has been reviewed by legal counsel and found to be a valid exercise of the agency's legal authority.

Issued in Austin, Texas, on December 15, 1997.

TRD-9716802

Garry Mauro

Commissioner

General Land Office

Effective date: January 5, 1998

Proposal publication date: October 31, 1997

For further information, please call: (512) 305-9129